| This thesis reviewed the researches about spectrophotometric method, especially simultaneous multicomponent determine method such as ratio spectrum and derivative spectrophotometric method. According to the theory of ratio spectrum and derivative spectrophotometric method , we developed "multicomponent ratio spectrum and derivative spectrophotometric method analysis software". On this basis , we applied this software to research the analysis method of inorganic binary mixtures-Ca2+, Mg2+,ternary mixtures-Ca2+, Mg2+, Sr2+and organic ternary mixtures-phenol, p-methylphenol , p-nitrophenol, and mainly obtained following several results:1. According to ratio spectrum derivative method, we programmed the data processing software using Visual Basic. This software can be used to process both binary component and ternary component and it is easy to use. With the help of the software, we can avoid much computing work and can accelerate data processing. We made a setup program for the other users to use. We can got a satisfactory result with the software which has been validated by experiment.2. We set up a new method using ratio spectrum and derivative simultaneous determineation Ca2+ and Mg2+ using ArsenazoIII as color reagent. We also got the optimum experimental conditions and made the determination easier than the traditional method. The precision for Ca2+ and Mg2+ is 0.76% and 0.63% respectively. The recovery rate is 97.8%-103% for calcium and 98.4%-102% for magnesium. The Beer's law is obeyed in the range of 0-60 g/25ml for calcium and 0-50 g/25ml for magnesium. The detection limitation for Ca2+and Mg2+ is 0.16 g/25ml and 0.13 g/25ml respectively, we applied this method for the analysis of natural water samples and got satisfactoryresults.3. The double divisor-ration spectra derivative method and the ratio spectra-zero crossing method are both used to analyze ternary mixtures. The result indicates that the double divisor-ration spectra derivative method is better than the ratio spectra-zero crossing method in the aspects of mathymatics theory and data results. So we chose the double divisor-ration spectra derivative method as our analysis method.4. we studied simultaneous determination of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Sr2+ mixtures using spectrophotometric method for the first time and got satisfactory results. We determined the optimum experimental conditions followed here. The maximum wavelength is 625nm for Ca2+ , 619nm for Mg2+ and 646nm for Sr2+. The volume of color reagent is 5ml and reaction time is ISmins. The buffer solution volume is 3ml. The computation wavelength is 652nm for Ca2+, 638nm for Mg2+and 657nm for Sr2+. The precision for Ca2+,Mg2, Sr^is 0.72% , 0.68% and 2.10% respectively. The relative deviation is 0.3% -2.4% for Ca2+, 0.05%-2.3% for Mg2+ and 0.4%-3.4% for Sr2+. The Beer' s law is obeyed in the range of 0-60ug/25ml for Ca2+> 0-50ug/25ml for Mg2+and 0-60ug/25ml for Sr2+.The detection limitation for Ca2+ ,Mg2, Sr2+ is 0.16ug/25mK 0.16???g/25ml and 0.16 g/25ml respectively.5. We applied double divisor-ration spectra derivative method to determine simultaneously ternary mixtures-phenol, p-methylphenol ,p-nitrophenol for the first time. The optimum experimental conditions and satisfactory results were obtained. The maximum wavelength is 211 nm for phenol, 220nm for p-methylphenol and 227nm for p-nitrophenol.. The Beer' s law is obeyed in the range of 0-33.6mg/L for phenol, 0-33.6mg/L for p-methylphenol and 0-38.4mg/L for p-nitrophenol. The detection limitation is 0.018mg/L, 0.022mg/L and 0.022mg/L. The precision for phenol, p-methylphenol ,p-nitrophenol is 0.79%> 0.89% and 0.93% respectively. The relative deviation is 0.4%-1.7%, 0.7%-3.7% and 0.1%-3.3% respectively.6. We applied the proposed method to determine concentrations of calcium and magnesium of nature water samples collected from Yellow river at Lijin station, Shandong province. We also analyzed samples from 5 rivers and 4 bayous of Qingdao. The result was similar with that d...
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