Research On Kaolinite/Organic Intercalation Nanocomposites

In the past more than ten years, polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites(abbr. PLS) have become a quite active research field, which attract numerous researchers. Different from the traditional composites, the disperse phase in PLS is usually in nanometer scale. Under the synergjstic action among components in nanometer scale, PLS show some specificity that parent materials do not possess. In recent years, the preparation of PLS is an important way to probe high-performance composites, a research focus of material science, which has caused people's extensive concern. The research now mainly concentrate on polymer/montmorillonite nanocomposites.Having typical layered structure, kaolinite and montmorillonite are all ideal host minerals for preparing polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites by intercalation composite method. In the field of high polymer material, kaolinite is the inorganic filler with more excellent performance than montmorillonite. Comparing with montmorillonite, the layer structure of kaolinite is more perfect, less impurity. It is expected that polymer/kaolinite nanocomposites may show more captivating excellent performance. In recent years, the reseach on kaolinite/organic intercalation composites has already become a research focus.At present, in domestic and international, the study on polymer/kaolinite nanocomposites remains in the stage of preparing kaolininite/organic intercalation composites. Only several kind kaolinite/polymer nanocomposites was prepared and characterized. There is no report on industrial production of this kind yet.In domestic and international, the research on kaolinite/organic intercalation composites focus on selecting universal intercalation reagents, improving intercalation method, shortening intercalation reaction time, increasing intercalation rate, and exploring structure and performance of intercalation composites. These are all fundamental research for the widespread application of polymer/kaolinite nanocomposites for future.Based on a large number of documents, this dissertation presentes a literature review on organic/inorganic nanocomposites in domestic and international in recent years, especially on polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites. Intercalation composite method is the main means for preparation of polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites. The review emphasis on structure, classification and preparation methods of polymer/layered silicates nanocomposites as well as their performance and application.In this dissertation, kaolinite/acetate intercalation composites was prepared and characterized. The preparation method is important improvement of existed means. The kaolinite/acetate intercalation composites prepared by means mentioned in this paper can use as the intermedia for preparation of kaolinite/polymer nanocomposites directly. Research show that potassium acetate can directly insert between the inner layer of kaolinite under the participation of water, formingkaolinite/potassium acetate intercalation composites. The relative mass ratio of potassium acetate and water in the chemical reaction system must be controlled strictly for high intercalation rate. It only takes 24 hours to reach the maximum intercalation rate(beyond 80%) when the relative mass ratio of kaolinite, potassium acetate and water is 7:3:1. FT-IR spectrum show that water insert between the inner layer of kaolinite with potassium acetate, which form hydrogen bond with the inner surface hydroxyl of kaolinite. Potassium acetate adsorbed on the surface of kaolinite particle can be eluted by absolute ethyl alcohol, while that intercalated between the inner layer of kaolinite may not be affected. Ammonium acetate can also directly insert between the inner layer of kaolinite by controlling pH strictly, but the intercalation rate is very low. Different from potassium acetate, ammonium acetate intercalated into the inner layer of kaolinite more completely in buffer solution(pH=9) than under near dry condition. When the concentration of ammonium acetate is lOmol/L, in...