The Countermeasures On Eco-environment Problems Caused By The Natural Rresources Exploitation In Changbai Mountain Area

Changbai Mountain locates in the Southeast of Jilin province. The center of it is the volcanoes groups of which Changbai Mountain pool is the most important one. There're such types of physiognomy in the area as river valley, marsh, mesa, brae, altiplano, alp-lake, crater and so on. It is the headstream of Secondary Songhua River, Tumen River and Yalu River. The natural condition is complex, and the resources are abundant, which play an important role in our country. They are forest, wild propagations, waterpower, minerals, and etc. The feature has come into being with the exploitation of the various resources. Since the exploitation is irrational, all kinds of resources are largely wasted, and the eco-environment is destroyed in some degree.The actualities of the resources in Changbai Mountain area was described in the thesis, mainly on the status quo of forest resource, water resource, soil resource, wilding resource, animal resource, tour resource and so on, and the character of the natural resource in the area was put forward. They were shown as following: There are various trees and species especially wildlife and rarity ones with high forests covered degree, marked eco-benefit, particular natural resource, abundant resource no matter of surface or subsurface water, and complex soil types, so it is a natural environment and ecology system in relatively good condition. The particular natural and literal sight offered plenty substance basement to tour operation.Then, the resources' exploitation actualities were discussed in the thesis. The problems in resources' exploitation were found after the analysis. They were as following. The truth of the resource is in dark, it drew back the constitution of the programming and the use direction, the exploitation course was not suitable to the true resource and was not assorted with protection, renewable resource in the environment was not correspondent to the demand of proliferated development; There was no united direction and long-term layout for the resource exploitation, that is, lack of the point of view in whole and in general; the intensivism degree was low, and the deep machining for integrated use was not enough, the production level of the commodities was low; it was out of joint among the exploitation, production, supply and marketing, legal system was not right, and the benefit among economy, society and ecology could not be unified.According to the analysis on the superiority and the inferior position of the resource exploitation in the area, on one side, the superiority was as following: field was amplitude and there was various styles, so it was vail to develop agriculture and forestry; wildlife resource was abundant and it was in favor of developing mixed farming and goods production; mine resource was enriched and it was made for building mine base; It was favor to develop tour operation that the particular natural environment. On the other side, the inferior position was found. The unreasonable use caused the depravation of the eco-environment, and frequent nature disaster; the discommodity traffic brought on difficulty in goods' transport; the power was not strong enough in scientific research, and production level was not high enough that the degree in deep machining and integrated use was very low. The problems existed in the eco-economical system of Changbai Mountain area was that the structure was illogical, the function was distempered, and the system was not in good circulation. To exploit the forests resource in reason, and protect the forest eco-environment, the countermeasures were brought forward: exploite and use the forests resource in reason, and harmonize the relation between populace, economy and forestry development; Follow out the guide line in whole taking forestry operation as the base; Adopt modern technology measures to entirely increase the economy benefit; Carry out new technology policy; Must innovate the economy policy and managing system of forestry; Reinforce the management, found and perfect local rules and s...