Effect Of Building Material On Indoor Air Quality And Its Evaluation

The house is the main place for human life and work and the indoor environment quality has great influence on health and work efficiency. In recent years as building material is widely used, it releases a lot of harmful material polluting the indoor environment seriously, which causes "Sick Building Syndrome (SBS)". This thesis provides some scientific basis and methods to control the indoor air pollution and improve the indoor environment quality be reaching the effect of building material on it.It sums up the achievements and problems in the research of the polluting source systematically, discusses the classification of building material and its pollutant and analyzes its physical and chemical characters as well as the health effect of the main pollutant. According to equilibrium principle in quality and the condition of indoor ventilation, basic mathematics model and mathematics estimation model of the indoor air quality is established and derived, which can be used for analysis and description of the variety regulation of the indoor polluting density, predicting and calculating the density the indoor pollutant at that time. According to the current indoors air quality standard and the characteristics of the indoor air pollution, the thesis establishes the evaluation standard of the indoor air quality and evaluation level and puts forward the impact evaluation and present evaluation mode and methods of evaluation.Via the theoretic study and the applied analysis, we can get to draw conclusions as follows: ① Building material is the main polluting source, releasing formaldehyde (HCHO), benzene (C6H6), volatility organic compound (VOC), ammonia (NH3), radon (Rn)…etc, the composition of which is the main causes of SBS. ② Applying the environmental test chamber, to decide the initial release velocity Eo and the reducing constant k in the mathematics model. The example evaluation shows that the species and pack to fill rate of the building material and air commutation rates is a key factor to decide the indoor air quality. ③ When evaluating the future indoor air quality, formaldehyde (HCHO), volatility organic compound (VOC), ammonia (NH3), radon (Rn) had better be used as the evaluation factor and common type index mode should be applied to calculate the quality index. When evaluating the present indoor air quality, formaldehyde (HCHO), particulate matter which can be inhaled (PM10), carbon dioxide (CO2) should be used as evaluation factor and ratings type index mode should be applied to calculate the quality index.The mathematics model established in the thesis can be used to analyze and predict the various regulation of the indoor pollutant density and the evaluation mode can be used as impact evaluation and present evaluation of the indoor air quality. In the process of building and fitting up houses, pre-evaluation can provide the reliable designing index for the choice of building material and ventilation amount.