Fabrication And Study Of Nano-Structure Materials Based On Photonic Crystals

Photonic crystals (PCs) are a class of materials or microstructures, in which thedielectric function suffers a spatially periodic variation. They are one of thehotspot in the research fields of materials, physics and chemistry. In this paper wehave studied the fabrication, structure and properties of the 3D PCs and orderedmacroporous materials. Firstly, using colloidal method, we have prepared a seriesof monodisperse silica spheres with different sized. After that, the colloidalspheres were self-assembled sedimentation, which results in a minimum energycolloidal crystals structure with FCC arrangement opals. We have made ZnS/opalPCs by using solvothermal methods for the first time. After the removal of opal byHF, we obtain the well-ordered inverse opal PCs. Transmission spectrum and SEMimages confirmed we got fine samples of ZnS/opal and ZnS inverse opal PCs. In our experiment, we also obtain macroporous carbon with two kinds ofstructures by using opal templates. They are prepared by "volumn-templating" and"surface-templating" methods respectively. The "volumn-templating" method isthat three-dimensionally ordered macroporous carbon has been fabricated bycarbonizing an aqueous solution of sucrose in the presence of sulfuric acid withthe opal templates; the "surface-templating" synthesis: we make the surface of theopals templates acidification by using AlCl3 and without sulfuric acid. Nitrogenadsorption measurements show the presence of a microporous wall structureframework leading to a high BET surface area of 668m2g-1. We fabricate SnO2semiconductor ordered structure through two-step template by using macroporouscarbon as templates. Here we also prepared macroporous nickel using opal. Themethod is based on templated precipitation and subsequent chemical conversion ofthe precursors to a macroporous nickel. Nitrogen adsorption measurements show arelative high BET surface area of 19.93m2g-1. And we report that high yields ofcarbon nanotudes arrays prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method areobtained using macroporous nickel as the metal catalyst.