| Atmospheric environment is one of the natural resources on which man lives. Among problems today in the world, air pollution remains a primary one and considerably affects human beings in many ways. At present, air pollutants total quantity control in cities has becomes a common measure. Although the measure is feasible in theory, problems still exist in practice. So, it is necessary to study and explore total quantity control methods.Lhasa, with unique natural environment and ethnic customs, is the capital of Tibet and has an area of 523km2. Under the requirements of " the 10th 5-year-plan for the development of society and economy " , the government has stage a program to meet the standards of environmental quality, mainly focusing on the total quantity control of polluting materials, in which the air pollutants total quantity control is an vital part. There are 3 categories of polluting materials, or pollutants: industrial pollution from cement factories; emissions from transporting vehicles and coal burning for life. By analysis in theory and investigation on the spot, we made the study of the status of Lhasa and also made a prediction on the pollution by the method of proportion. Then by calculating the air volume of the environment, we properly distribute pollutants to where they are from, suggesting the quantities ofpollutants needed to be cut down. In the mean time using the total quantity control area formula (A—P Value method), we calculate the air pollutant emission threshold and finally realize the total quantity control of air pollution in this area. The final result of the thresholds of pollutants emissions are: S02 threshold volume is 5433 t / a, first class area 159 t / a, second class area 5274 t / a; N02 threshold volume is 7350 t / a, first class area 318 t / a, second class area 7032 t / a; TSP threshold volume is 18211 t / a, first class area 634 t / a, second class area 17577 t / a. After data gathering, we use the formula A—P to work out the the volumes of these three ingredients in Lhasa: (1) S02 now is 191.8 t / a, first class area 15.8 t / a, second class area 176 t / a. so there are 5241. 2 t / a left, in which first class areal43. 2 t / a, second class area 5098 t / a, leaving more space for it and can meet the national requirements. (2) N02 now is 2412 t / a, first class area 211 t / a, second class area 2201 t / a; space remains for it is 4938 t / a, in which first class area 107 t / a, second class area 4831 t / a. So it can also meet the requirements of national standards for the more space left. (3) TSP now is 27963 t/a, first class area785 t / a, second class area27178 t / a. To meet the national standards for it, this must be cut down 9752 t / a, in which first class area occupies273 t / a, second class area 9479 t / a.Based on the calculations and conclusions, this paper makes some advice and suggests some measures of the control of air pollution. Since the conclusion is made from the data collection and scientific calculations, the result is reasonable and the plan is feasible. The main achievements can be directly used in the regulation of atmospheric environment in Lhasa. Because of the specification and feasibility of this study, it can provide scientific evidence for the total quantity control of air pollution and protection of atmospheric environment as well as proper design and management of Lhasa' s environment. |
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