The Study Of The Spread And Diffusion Process Of Oil Spilled From Seabed Pipeline

The petroleum is an indispensable energy source for people's lives. Since the resource on land has been exhausted, exploitation and utilization of the petroleum of the ocean has becoming more and more important. As the development of oil fields exploitation and industry, seabed pipeline has becoming so important that nothing can substitute. But the hazard of oil/gas leaks from cracks and corrosion wormholes is accompanying in this process as well. Oil leakage does not waste the resource only, but also pollute the ocean environment. To weaken the effect of oil spills, it is necessary to found the method to forecast the behavior and fate of spilled oil, which can provide the right information for oil cleaning and callback in time.Over the past two decades, over 50 oil spill models have been developed to predict the behavior and fate of spilled oil. Almost all of these models have been concerned with surface or near surface spills. But oil spills due to underwater accidents, such as oil pipeline broken, there are few investigations and results. The crude oil in Bohai can be generalized to be "three high" crude oil and contains sand, which can cause the cracks and corrosion wormholes on pipeline easily. On the basis of the model for Assessment of Environment Consequences of the Oil Leaks from Marine Pipeline (MAECOLMP) brought forward by Vadim in Russia, improvements have been made in this paper. Combining with the Bohai marine environment and its crude oil properties, the feasibility of the model has been validated through a great deal of calculation.Investigate the main factors that affect the behavior of underwater spilled oil. Besides the property of oil, the wind current and tidal current have decisive effects on the oil polluted area and its position. In this paper, oil leaked from wormhole on pipeline is investigated. It is supposed that oil breaks into droplets after detached from wormhole, so the floating velocity of oil drops determines the time that spilled oil reaches the surface, and affects the process of diffusion and drift. The author made experiments of bubbles and oil drops formed on single orifice underwater to study the factors that affect the sizes of bubbles and oil drops, the relationship between their transformation and floating velocities. The paper provides foundation for improving the model of spilled oil underwater.