Study And Design Of High Pressure Vessel Based On Rubber O-ring Sealing

The sealing device for high pressure vessel based on the rubber O-ring is simpler and more reliable than other sealing devices. There are no bolts for axial stress of internal pressure and no metal gaskets. The components of the device are manufactured easily and can be assembled quickly. It is potential for the rubber O-ring sealing device to use in high pressure vessel. But there is little research and analysis about the self-energized sealing principle of rubber O-ring under high pressure, and only some researches have been done on the design and stress of rubber O-ring used in low pressure sealing with numerical analysis method.Based on the project of Research and Design of 60MPa Pressure Vessel, the sealing principle of rubber O-ring used in high pressure is developed and analyzed, and the new O-ring sealing device of high pressure vessel is researched and designed in this paper. The main research results are rendered as follows:(1) The sealing principle of rubber O-ring is researched and analyzed. The rubber transmission coefficient of pressure in closed rectangle groove is analyzed in this paper. This paper researches the effects of the initial compression rate and the friction coefficient to the rigid movement of rubber O-ring, analyzes the contact pressure during the initial sealing process and self-energized sealing process, and analyzes the sealing principle and sealing failure when rubber O-ring is serving in high pressure.(2) The sealing device for high pressure vessel of 60MPa is researched and designed. According to the characters of Wood Sealing Device, the sealing principle and characters of rubber O-ring, this paper explores the new sealing device for high pressure vessel. The sealing device is economical and effective over a broad range of service condition and service finishes. The sealing device for high pressure vessel is a new design. There are no metal gaskets in the new sealing device. Under work condition, there are no bolts with tensile stress. It is quick and easy to assemble and open the sealing device.(3) The cylinder and flat head of the high pressure vessel are designed by analysis. The stress intensity of the cylinder and flat head of the pressure vessel is checked with finite element method.(4) The structure of pressure vessel head, which bears the axial press of internal pressure, is analyzed and optimized. According to the designs of Wood Sealing Device, this paper designs the new structure of the high pressure vessel head to bear the axial press, analyzes the contact pressure between the shear ring and the head of pressure with finite element method. According to the result of numerical analysis, this paper assumes that the axisymmetric section of contact pressure is triangle, then checks the dimensions of the sections with maximum stress with finite element method. The new design of the pressure vessel head is much safer and more economical.