Hydrothermal/Solvothermal Synthesis And Characterization Of Inorganic Nanomaterials

The present thesis is aimed at exploring novel hydrothermal and solvothermal methods to synthesize inorganic nanomaterilas, and studying the corresponding formation mechanisms of the products. Powder X–Ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–vis absorption spectrum, photoluminescence (PL) spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry (TG–DSC) were used to characterize the as–obtained products. The main works achieved are summed up as following:1. ZnO₂ nanocrystallites with an average size of 6 nm were derived from the hydrothermal reaction of Zn(Ac)₂ and H₂O2 (3%) in an alkaline aqueous solution (pH = 10) at 100℃for 12 h. The influence of the reaction temperature on the kinds, size, and morphology of the hydrothermally–synthesized products were also investigated, and the result indicated that ZnO₂ nanocrystallites with similar diameters were synthesized at 100–140℃, and ZnO nanorods with some fan–like ZnO were synthesized at 160–180℃. XRD, TEM, SEM, UV–vis and PL were used to characterize ZnO₂ and ZnO nanocrystallites.2. Pure hexagonal phase of ZnO nanocrystallites with the sizes in the range of 8–10 nm could be obtained by low temperature thermal decomposition of ZnO₂ in air at 180℃for 5 h and ZnO nanocrystallites with different morphologies had been prepared by solvothermal reaction of ZnO₂ nanocrystallites in ethanol, ethylene glycol,...