The Research Of Organic Chemistry Reactions Catalyzed By Non-Metalin Water

Two part of this thesis has focused on studied on aqueous organic reactions catalyzed by non-metal.In part Ⅰ, the aquous direct aldol reactions catalyzed by smallorgano-catalyst—imidazolc were studied in detailed. The results indicated thatimidazole can effectively catalyze the aldol reactions of electron-deficient aromatic aldehydes with ketones gave good yields of the correspornding products. The reaction exhibit good diastereoselectivity, and is an environmentally friendly reaction system for synthesis 6-hydroxy ketones.In part Ⅱ, electrophilic substitution reaction of indoles with aldehydes, ketones and 6-Nitro-vinyl catalyzed by dodecylbenzencsulfonic acid (DBSA) in water were studied in detailed. The results indicated that excellent yields of bis(indol-3-yl)methanes were obtained when indoles reacted with aldehydes and cyclo-ketones catalyzed by 20 mol% DBSA in water. Aliphatic ketones and aromatic ketones show sluggish the reactions and gave moderate yields. The β-Nitro-vinyl exhibit low activity, reacted with indoles gave the corresponding Micheal products in moderate yields. The reactions are occurred in micelle very effective. The use of this inexpensive and easily available catalyst under essentially mild reaction, cleaner and work-up conditions make this protocol practical and economically attractive.