Extraction Of Natural Bamboo Fiber And The Research On Its Structure And Chemical Properties

The resource of bamboo is abundant in China. Bamboo grows up rapidly, and it has strongly regenerative ability, so bamboo has a great capacious future. Bamboo has many new applications. For example, bamboo can be used to make composite materials, bamboo pulp can be applied to produce paper and viscose fibers, and extracted bamboo fibers can be used as textile materials. Bamboo viscose fibers have been commercially produced, and natural bamboo fibers for textile purposes are produced on a small sale. There are few reports about the structure and chemical properties of natural bamboo fibers until now, so the related research has a tremendous significance on the extraction of bamboo cellulose, the dyeing and finishing of bamboo fibers and the identification of bamboo fibers.Caustic soda solution was utilized to treat and purify crude bamboo fibers. Three bleaching agents including hydrogen peroxide, acetic per-acid and sodium chlorite were employed to bleach crude bamboo fibers. The effect of caustic treatment and bleaching methods on the removal of impurities, the changes of whiteness index and the structure of extracted bamboo fibers were investigated by the determination of weight loss, whiteness index and the analyses of SEM, FT-IR, UV-VIS, WAXD and DSC-TGA. The results showed that bamboo cellulosic fibers were not well separated due to the insufficient removal of impurities at low temperature. When crude bamboo fibers were treated at high temperature, the weigh loss was high, the impurities could be adequately removed and bamboo cellulosic fibers were easily separated out. But cellulose was easily degraded when both caustic soda concentration and temperature were high. Higher whiteness index was achieved by bleaching after caustic treatment. Sodium chlorite bleaching could give the highest whiteness index. The effect wasn't remarkable in hydrogen peroxide bleaching processing. In this research, extracted bamboo fibers belonged to celluloseâ… .Caustic treatment and acid hydrolysis were used to the extracted bamboo fibers in this...