The Study Of Synthesis Of Adamantane

Adamantane(ADH) is a fascinating compound for its unique cage structure in organic chemistry. ADH is an important chemical intermediate in medicines, functional polymers, lubricants, catalysts and photosensitive materials. Generally, ADH is prepared by isomerization of endo-tetrahydrodicyclopentadiene (endo-TCD) with AlCl₃ catalyst, which can bring equipment corrosion and environment pollution. Therefore, on the one hand, the two-step method was used for preparation of ADH to reduce the amount of AlCl₃ in the isomerization reaction in this thesis. On the other hand, the several zeolite catalysts were studied for isomerization of endo-TCD in the thesis. The experimental results of this work are summarized as follows.(1) The two-step method with AlCl₃ catalyst. Using endo-TCD as raw material and AlCl₃-micro water system as catalyst, ADH was synthesized by two-step method. The effect of different factors on the isomerization reaction was investigated at atmosphere. When endo-TCD was isomerized to exo-TCD, the optimum reaction conditions were: temperature, 30℃; reaction time, 0.5h; n(AlCl₃)/n(endo-TCD)=0.24; n(1,2-dichlorethane)/n(endo-TCD)=0.3. Under optimum reaction condition, the yield of exo-TCD is up to 98.7%. When exo-TCD was isomerized to ADH, the optimum reaction conditions were: temperature, 80℃; reaction time, 5h; n(AlCl₃)/n(endo-TCD)=0.56; W(water)/W(AlCl₃)=0.01. Under optimum reaction condition, the yield of ADH is up to 86.4%.(2) The typical zeolite catalysts. Catalytic performance of USY, Hβ, HM and HZSM-5 catalysts were investigated and compared in the isomerization of endo-TCD in a stainless-steel batch reactor, and their properties were characterized by NH3-TPD techniques. It is revealed that both acidity and pore structure of the zeolites are the key factors influencing the catalytic behavior. The order of the catalytic activity is USY>Hβ>HM>HZSM-5, but the order of the selectivity of ADH is Hβ> HM> USY>HZSM-5.(3) USY zeolite catalyst. The influence of reaction conditions on the synthesis of ADH...