Investigation On Chemical Composition And Sources Of PM₁₀ In Harbin

Inhalable particles have been found to be associated with environment problems and health problems, thus more and more attention has been paid on them. Many achievements of reseachs have been attained overseas. In China, such reseachs are limited and they usually focus on a few urban areas. In Harbin, such reseachs are almost none. This research choosed the Chende Square, the Hongwei Park, the Hongqi Avenue, the Heizhongyao, the Xuefu Road, the Dong Qing Factory air quality automatic monitoring sites in Harbin as studying sites. Inhalable particles(PM₁₀) were taken as reseach emphases. Through analyzing the 2005 year monitored data, collecting and systematic analysis of PM₁₀ samples in the summer, fall, winter of 2005 and the spring of 2006, the reseach investigated of PM₁₀ mass concentration the spatial and temporal distribution and their chemical composition and source apportionment. The results indicated that the seasonal variation of Harbin PM₁₀ mass concentration was the highest in winter, and the lowest in summer. The monthly maximum appeared in January, the minimum appeared in August. The hourly average concentration appeared two peaks and two troughs in the day. Two peaks appearde 6:00⁸:00AM and 18:00²0:00PM, while two troughs appeared at 1:00³:00 and 12:00¹3:00. It indicated that the variation of PM₁₀ hourly concentration change was mainly influenced by the people daily activity. Minilinearity statistical analysis indicated that the variation of PM₁₀ concentration in the winter and spring were mainly influenced by anthropogenic factor, and climatic factor.Through spatial and temporal of PM₁₀, the results indicated that PM₁₀ mass concentrations, the element concentration and SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+ ion concentration at Hongwei Park, the Hongqi Avenue and theXuefu Road in summer were relatively higher. Al, Ca, Fe, S, Si, K, Na, and Mg were the main inorganic elements in PM₁₀, and contributed approximately 94% of total mass; Al, Ca, Mg, Na, and Si, the earth's crust elements, concentration were obviously higher in the spring than other seasons. In summer the carbon content of PM₁₀ at the Chende Square, the Hongqi Avenue and the Xuefu Road is relative higher. Due to the inversion of atmosphere, the concentration of pollution elements such...