Research On High-speed Cutting Tools Of Wood-based Material

Wood-based material is a special kind of material that is different from the metal.It's a combination of many kinds of complex organic materials, most of which ismixture of High Molecular Compound. Besides fiber, Hemicellulose and lignin, thereare still many other components such as water, extracts, Silica Sand, Alkaloid andHydrochloric acid etc., even it consists of some binding material additive, Stabilizerandretarders. Due to the complex components of wood-based material, deformationand force analysis during cutting process which is different from metal cutting ismuch more complicated, so it has to be pertinent for the structural design, materialchoice, manufacturing and the use of wood-working tools.Wood-based material is favorable for high-speed machining, but, liquid-coolingmethod during the machining process can not be taken, and the wood chips can notcarry away the heat, as a result, the tool edge must be sharp and the tool structuremust be favorable to heat-dissipating and chip removal. In addition, water content anddensity do great impact on the mechanical and physical property of material. Themachining process essence of wood-based material is the process that mechanical,thermal and chemical corrosion effect between wood-working tools andheterogeneous and anisotropic materials. At present, completed technologyspecification is still not formatted for the using of wood-working tool and themachining performance test of it is also not unified.This paper choose two representative machining forms in furniture processing asthe start, drilling and edge-banding, the through-hole drills and edge-banding cutter asthe research objects, the Medium Density Fiberboard, Gradual change structuralParticleboard and Veneer Overlaying Particleboard as machining material. Themachining performances of through-hole drill and disposable knives edge-bandingcutter have been studied. The structure and cutting parameters of through-hole drillshave been optimized, finally, the performance evaluation of solid carbide superthrough hole drill have been carried out. The results show that: (1) The axial forcewas "concave campylodromous" when machining artificial wood-based panels by through-hole drill, moreover, it would fluctuate distinctly when machining wood. Sodensity of boards is the important factors that do great impact on cutting force. (2)Because of the rebound, the negative torque appeared. (3) Cutting speed and feedspeed have significant influence on axial force and torque. For the same machiningcondition, the fluctuation of axial force is the smallest when machining MDF, but theVeneer Overlaying Particleboard is the biggest. (4) Through the orthogonalexperiment, it came to the conclusion that the structure and feed are the main factorsthat impact drilling characteristic. The axial force is smallest when drilling the fourkinds of boards using fine through-hole drill; the torque is smallest when drillingboards by standard through-hole drill. (5) Cutting-in and cutting out of edge-bandingcutter tooth, heterogeneity of wood, low intensity and fiber easy separations are themain factors that impact cutting force and cutting vibration. (6) Technicalrequirements, weld strength and durability of solid carbide super through hole drillcompletely accord with . The exitingburr area has been used to evaluate the machining quality.