Investigation On Dietary Patterns And Intake Level Of Heavy Metals Of Inhabitants In Chongqing

Daily meal absorb is an importance path of pollutant to get into human body and then influence human body health. So, the rudimental pollutant quantity in the food and the absorb level have been paid much attention by the whole world. Among the pollutant, heavy metals got more and more concern. But currently, in our country, investigate about local meal heavy metals absorb level is opposite less. Accordingly, this research based on the investigate result of households' meal structure in Chongqing city, collected main food sample and mensurated heavy metals in them. The relation of dietary pattern and absorbed quantity of heavy metals was analysised. The research result can provide reference to prevent food from heavy metals pollution and to constitute standard about food safety.The city zone, the west zone of Chongqing and Three Gorges Reservoir area were chosen for the investigation on the dietary patterns of inhabitants with the stratified, multistage, cluster, random sampling methods based on the cities' development level and community nutrition requirement. Meal investigation take the inhabitant and the individual as unit to carry on respectively. When research a family, weigh all food for 3 days and record it. In the meantime, investigate individual with the method of enquiry and enregistration food consumption of 24h for continuous 3 days. According to the investigated result, calculated consumed various food quantity by each standard person and dissimilarity sex age people everyday. Main food samples were collected and heavy metals in them were analyzed. The result was compared with national hygiene standard and limited content. According to the heavy metals content in the sample and actual consumed food quantity by one people everyday, the quantity of heavy metals absorbed by each standard person was calculated, which compared with ADI (Acceptable Daily Intake) and PTWI (Provisional Tolerance Week Intake) standard value. Analyzing the relation between residents' meal structure and heavy metals absorb quantity, main results included the following aspects:According to the "China total meal research" in 1990, 1213 households in Chongqing were chosen for the investigation on the dietary patterns and their meal structure condition was analysed. 12 kinds of main food samples, such as vegetable, meat, grain and so on, were collected and the Pb, Cd, Hg, As in them were analyzed. Daily heavy metals quantity absorbed by a urban and rural standard person was calculated. The result was compared with limited content and ADI/PTWI standard value established by WHO. Carried on an ulteriore valuation of the residents' health risk caused possibly through meal absorb. This study can provide instruction and basis for residents in Chongqing to have safe and reasonable meal consumption. It also can provide science basis for government and correlative department to manage pollution of the environment, establish food and nourishment policy and direct exactly policy and food consumption.The residents' meal characteristics: Corn is the most in all consumed food, afterward, vegetable, meat, fruits and milk follow in turn, it present obvious east characteristic. Compare with the investigated result of whole country in 1992, the consumption of grain and potato has descended a certain extent, marine products have been basic to hold even, but the consumption of meat, egg, vegetable, fruit, bean and milk have ascended in dissimilary degree. Different from urban residents, rural ones take more food corn but less vegetable and meat food correspondingly.Men of 20~60-year-old consumed most food among all age segments, afterward, vegetable, women of 20~60-year-old, men of 13~20, women of 13~20, 7~12, >60-year-old and 2~6-year-old set in turn. Researching the consumed percent of different food, the quota that beverage and water, corn, vegetable, fruits have more. Daily absorb quantity of egg and milk decreased with the age increscent. Compared with the other age segment residenter, children of 2~6 years old age absorbed more milk and egg correspondingly.It's the first time to mensurate heavy metals of Pb, As, Cd, Hg in the food consumed by urban and rural residents in Chongqing. In four heavy metals, Pb and Cd content are more than standard value to a serious extent. There appeares a trend that the content is higher in the food consumed by urban residents than that consumed by rural ones. The content of Pb in milk and egg are more than standard value to a great extent. The content of Pb in bean, corn, potato, marine products etc also are more than standard value to a certian extent. Cd content in fruits and bean ie more than standard value. Hg content is under standard value in all food except fruit. Of all mensurated food, As content is little and in the allowed scope. It have been a serious environment and food hygiene problem that food was polluted from Pb and Cd in Chongqing.It was elucidated through account that absorb quantity of lead, arsenic and mercury by a standard person was low than ADI value, but the one of cadmium was more than ADI value in a great degree. Moreover, the absorb quantity of lead, cadmium was more than PTWI value to a great extent. Corn and vegetable is the main source.Absorb heavy metal quantity by childen in each age set person had a specific contribution to ADI value. Considering chidren' sensitivity of heavy metals, it is no time to delay intervening their dietary pattern...