Wetland Resource Distribution And Ecological Evaluation Of Wetland In Upper And Middle Reaches Of Heihe Basin

The wetland in upper and middle reaches of Heihe basin is a green barrier which protects ecological security and biological diversity of inland river basins, however, in recent years the ecosystem of Heihe wetland is seriously influenced by the human activities and its function is obviously degenerated with the development of peripheral economy, it is very important to study and protect the wetland for the ecological environment construction in Heihe basin.Based on the date collection and field investigation the wetland resource is systematically investigated and classified in upper and middle reaches of Heihe basin. Through analyzing the current status of typical wetland, the function of wetland ecosystem is scientifically evaluated, and the strategy of restoration and sustainable development of the wetland resource is supposed.1 The classification of main types of wetland resource in upper and middle reaches of Heihe basinAccording to essential features of the key elements such as geomorphologic, hydrology, vegetation, soil and living beings, the wetland is divided into thirteen typical wetland. The nature wetland includes perpetual river, seasonal river, floodplain wetland, perpetual lake, seasonal lake, herbaceous wetland, alt wetland, shrub wetland, inland salt-wetland, the constructed wetland includes pond, ditch, rice yield, backwater area, salt field, and their main characteristics and distributions are analyzed.2 The ecological function evaluation of the wetland in upper and middle reaches of Heihe basinBeginning on analyzing of ecological function, the eight indexes that are chosen had been calculated by APH and the result is reflected by CEI. The CEI of Qilian glacier and alt shrub meadow wetland is over 0.7, which indicates that their ecological qualities are better. Then the CEI of Sunan Minghai wetland, Minle Yonggu wetland, herbaceous wetland in Linze Shuangquan lake and Gaotai wetland in Heihe basin are 0.5-0.7, it shows their ecology functions are common, reed wetland in Ganzhou urban and Gaotai salt wetland are less than 0.5. their ecology function are bad, That shows the wetland under the natural state has irreplaceable ecological value, and their protection should be put in primary position.3 Restoration and sustainable development of wetland in upper and middle reaches of Heihe basinBased on ecosystem evaluation of typical wetland the countermeasures of the protection and sustainable development of wetlands are put forward in upper and middle reaches of Heihe basin.