Study On Land Use Change And The Effect On Eco-Environment In Desertification Area

Desertification is one of the major global environment problems. Because of the ecological environment's deterioration and economic poverty which caused by desertification, it became the biggest threat and problem that influence the human survived and global stability. This paper takes Yuyang as an example for analysis and research in land use/cover ,the desertification and dynamic change , driving force, effect of ecological environment , which based on TM the high-resolution image data field surveys and statistical data, the combining method of zoning classification, visual interpretation and supervised classification, remote sensing image processing and quantitative analysis.(1) Applying Remote Sensing Satellite Data TM453 band constitutes , adopt subarea classification , visual interpretation and supervising classifying together.The effect of land utilization in desertification area and extracting information in desertification area are fairly good , it can improve classification accuracy, have certain application and dissemination value.(2) General Characteristics of land use/cover in Yuyang: the area of unutilized land is very big, accounting for 56% of this area is general.farmland , forest land are take second place , the grassland is very few.From 1986 to 2003, the circumstances of land use changes are as follows: The increased land types are irrigable land, forest land, shrub forest, grassland, habitation land and traffic land, especially shrub forest which increased 58006.8hm~2;The decreased land types are dry farm land, open forest land, water area, unutilized land, especially unutilized land which is decreased 76967.6hm~2.(3)The land utilization/cover type main transformation pattern is: Dry land changes into the irrigated field , forest land and unutilized land. Among them turn into irrigated field 2813.72 hm~2, turn into forest land 13466.98 hm~2.. unutilized land and dry land changes into forest land and the grassland. unutilized land. change 10133.73 hm~2 to forest land, changes 25919.00 hm~2 to shrub forest , changes 8346.84 hm~2 to open forest land, and changes 27313.45 hm~2 to grassland.(4)Yuyang, the extent of desertification through large-scale evaluation of the ecological environment, desertification of the land development trend basically curbed, desertification treatment achieved significant results. The extent of desertification decreased significantly, desertification trends major changes to the level of light in a direction. But mild desertified land simultaneously to serious desertification and moderate reversal of desertification, but to moderate desertification land area larger increased. Among them, the mild desertification land transfers non-desertification land 70961.90 hm~2; The serious desertification and extremely serious desertification land turn to mild desertified land 46642.30 hm~2; The moderate desertification land area increases 56523.0 hm~2.(5)Changes in the ecological environment and the characteristics of the main driving factors. Yuyang, the ecological environment is improved and changes in the deterioration of both, but on the whole the quality of the ecological environment has improved trend. Region ecological environment index (EV) was 0.1509 in 1986,and enhanced to 0.2512 in 2003, enhanced 66.%.lead to the region's ecological environment improvement in the quality of the main driving factors including returning farmland to forest and pasture, Four grass and shelter-building (reforestation). Four of them on grass and reforestation to improve the ecological environment in Yuyang, the contribution rate for the first 735 Habitat.