| Gemini surfactants were also called as dimeric surfactants, represented a new class of surfactants, which was made up of two traditional surfactants connected by a spacer group covalently. The special molecular structure would result in the excellent interfacial chemistry property and then the Gemini surfactants could be widely used in the field of washing and tertiary oil recovery industry. In the work, we synthesized two series of Gemini surfactants using a-tetradecene olefin sulfonate as raw material. Moreover, the choice of reaction conditions, the establishment of the conversion rate analytic method , the purificated procedure of the products, and the surface/interface chemistry property were also studied respectively.Firstly, we developed two kinds of method for conversion rate analysis, which is the ultraviolet dispectrophotometric method according to the remarkable difference of absorbance between naphthalene and its product, and idiom value method basing on the double bound content was invariable after heating 3 hours at 150°C. Since the idiom value method was much more convenient to measure, it has been applied to study on the reaction conditions. By using the orthogonal experiment and response surface methodology to research the reaction condition of a-tetradecene olefin sulfonate with naphthalene, it was found that reaction time and temperature are main factors to the effect on the conversion rate of the reaction. Based on the optimal reaction conditions, we synthesized the sodium ditetradecylnaphthalene (phenanthrene/ diphenylether/ diphenylethane/benzophenone) sulfonate, and the reaction rate were 88.59%, 92.27%,84.62%, 93.01%,28.74% respectively. Secondly, we studied the method of separation and purification of the sodium ditetradecylnaphthalene sulfonate, and get the satisfactory result which was 94.59% of the purity by using circumfluence with petroleum ether and Soxhlet extraction with dry ethanol. Moreover, the much more purify products were obtained by thin layer chromatography, which could be certified by EIS/EIS+-MS. Thirdly, some surface properties of above two series of Gemini surfactants were researched, the result indicated that the sodium ditetradecyl-naphthalene sulfonate has much more excellent surface properties, which cmc, pC20,γcmc, Acmc were 0.008082 mmol-L-1; 5.49 ;37.3 mN-m-1 and 0.51nm2·mole-1, respectively. The datum showed novel arylalkyl sulfonate Gemini surfactants had very high surface activity. Thus, we studied the surface chemistry property of the sodium ditetradecylnaphthalene sulfonate and the sodium of diphenylether sulfonate mainly, and the emulsification, foam height and the stability in hard water of the sodium of diphenylether sulfonate were 136 seconds, 149.3 mm and 3.87 respectively. Especially, the washing property of the sodium of diphenylether sulfonate (R=31.25%) was as excellent as the conditional surfactants. It showed that this kind of Gemini surfactants could be used in the detergent & cosmetic field. At last, we studied the surfactants oil recovery system by micelle solution of surfactants and the microemulsion. The results showed that the interface tension was 2.57×10-5 mN-m-1, and then the optimal content of surfactants and the salinity in the micelle solution oil recovery system were 4g·L-1 and 1g-L-1, respectively. The optimal salinity and the proportion of middle-phase volume were 11g/100ml and 26.79% in the microemulsion oil recovery system.
|
PDF Full Text Request