The Load Study And Synthesized Evaluation On Agricultural Non-Point Source Pollution In Daqing Area

Agricultural non-point source pollution(ANPSP) is a universal envronmental problemnowadays. It directly restricts the sustainable development of society and economy in the world.Recently, along with the large-scale development of agriculture in every area, agricultural non-pointsource pollution problems become extremely serious. The knowledge of the condition andcharacteristic of the non-point source pollution in different area was very important both intheoretical and actual sense to control agricultural non-point source pollution and protect ourecological environment for realizing the harmonized development of resource, environment andagriculture in China.Supported by the Heilongjiang province Natural Science Found, Preview System TheoryStudy of Non-point Source Pollution in Songnen Plain Basin(E0335), the actuality of simulationon the serious agricultural non-point source pollution in Daqing area, the annual load of agriculturalnon-point source pollution is calculated under the condition of existing data by the investigationanalysis of pollutant caused by all kinds of pollution sources, quivalent standard discharged andquivalent standard pollution index were adopted to synthesize analysis and evaluate various sorts ofpollution sources and pollutant simultaneous. Use Arcmap in GIS to divide district and advance thecorresponding controll measures to agricultural non-point source pollution.This paper studied the agricultural non-point source pollution which included the domesticliving pollution, animals' feces pollution, surface runoff pollution, fish breeding pond pollution andchemical fertilizer pollution. A integrated investigation and analysis for non-point source pollutionwas conducted in Daqing urban district and four countries. The results indicated that:1. Loading rate of all kinds of agricultural non-point source pollution to water was domesticliving pollution 15.79%, animals' feces 14.50%%, surface runoff 55.53%, fish breeding pond12.61%, chemical fertilizer 1.57%; the equivalent standard pollution loading rate was domesticliving pollution 13.30%, animals' feces 18.12%, surface runoff 30.56%, fish breeding pond 30.83%,chemical fertilizer 7.19%. 2. The losed amount of COD, TN, TP and BOD₅ caused by agricultural non-point sourcepollution in 2004 was 165605.52t,41595.64t,5329.02t and 28795.05t respectively, and the percentwas 68.70%, 17.23% 2.20% and 11.87% respectively. Converted to the equivalent standard amountwas 8280.276m³, 41595.64m³, 26645.1 m³ and 2879.51m³, and the equivalent standard pollutionloading rate was 10.42%, 52.34%, 33.62% and 3.62% respectively, which indicated that the waterwas polluted seriously by TN, next was TP and the last was COD_cr.3. From the regions, total quivalent standard discharged in Duerbote was the highest, reachingto 24269.25m³, contamination rate index was 30.57%; the second was govern district, reaching to18510.46m³, contamination rate index was 23.31%; Zhaozhou and Zhaoyuan's pollutant situationwas the same basically, was 13168.46m³ and 13823.4m³, contamination rate index separately was16.59% and 17.41%; Lindian was the lowest, only was 9626.36m³, contamination rate index was12.12%. All kinds of areas' pollutant severely degree was closely relative to people dentity's highor low, animanl's raising amount, cultivation area's big or small, water production's raising amountand chemical fertilizers using amount in certain degree.4. From the diffuse concentration, Zhaozhou's pollution diffuse concentration was muchhigher than other areas, reaching to 209.38mg/l, because that agriculture, fishing and animalhusbandry was all very developed, but total water resources amount was very small; all other areaspollution diffuse concentration was about the same; the lowest was govern areas, only was 11.20mg/l. Average pollution diffuse concentration of the whlole area was 18.60 mg/l.5. Synthesized evaluation's result by using blurred cluster analysis based blurred equivalentmatrix to pollution indicated that we can divide the whole Daqing area into three types: the firsttype was domestic living pollution mainly in govern area, pollution's equivalent standard pollutionloading reached to 34.81%. It was closely relative to much people and high living level. The secondwas fish breeding pond pollution mainly in Duerbote, pollution's equivatent standard pollutionloading reached to 62.08%. It was closely relative to large area's raising. The third was surfacerunoff pollution mainly in Zhaozhou Zhaoyuan and Lindian, pollution's equivatent standardpollution loading separately reached to 43.67%, 36.70% and 46.15%. It was closely relative to largearea's cultivated farmlands.Based on the understanding of severe consequence caused by ANPSP, several measuresincluding engineering measures and watershed control were suggested according to differentpollution source and types. Suggest government make dicision by laws and rules, planning keypollution object. Strengthen the town's domestic living management, reasonably arrange thestock-raising's scale and construction, improve surface environment, reduce fish breeding pondpollution and strictly control fertilizer application supported by science techniques, ensure theharmonized develoment of economics, society and ecological environement.