| Three Dimensional Ordered Macroporous (3D0M) materials developed in recent years are important for many engineering applications, such as catalysts, supports, filters,battery materials, thermal insulators and photonic crystals with optical band gap. The monodispersed polystyrene(PS) microspheres were synthesized by using dispersion polymerization. In order to fabricate 3DOM, two different kind of technologies were used.In the former process PS microspheres was assembled to make colloid crystal templates and then the templates were filled.After the templates were removed, 3DOM of NiO/SiO2 were gotten.However, in the latter process PS microspheres was chemical nickelplated and Ni/PS nucleocapsid microspheres were gotten, assemble it to get ordered colloid crystal templates ,and then use chemical bath to fill the templates. After the templates were removed,3DOM of metal were gotten.The PS microspheres of particles whose size was between 0.8μm and 2.5μm and whose dispersion coefficient was less than 0.05 were fabricated by using dispersion polymerization. At the same time, the best fabricate conditions of PS microspheres were obtained:the best concentration of initiating agent is between 0.3 wt % and 0.4 wt %,the best concentration of stabilizing agent is between 2.5 wt % and 3 wt %,the best reaction temperature is between 60℃and 70℃,the best concentration of monomer is between 20 V % and 25 V %.Using centrifugal sedimentation and vertical convection deposition to assemble colloid crystal templates of PS microspheres.The mechanism and effecting factors of the two assembling processes were studied. At the same time the ordered structure was gotten through the controlling of the experimental conditions.Take Si(OC2H5)4 and Ni(NO3)2 as raw materials.Using the filling of sol-gel to fill colloid crystal templaes of PS microspheres.The influence of consentration of H2O and consentration of was studied,the best conditions were as below: M Si(OC2H5)4:M H2O =1:2.5,MNi(NO3)2:M Si(OC2H5)4=l:1.5.Using calcination to remove templates, the influential factors of calcination temperature and Three Dimensional Ordered Macroporous (3DOM) materials were studied and the following results were gotten: calcination temprature has profound influence on the products' features and structure.The best calcinating temperature is between 470℃and 550℃,the main features of 3DOM are NiO and SiO2.Using chemical plating to fabricate Ni/PS nucleocapsid microspheres .The influence of reaction tempreture, PH of solution of chemical nikel plating and consentration of nickel sulfate to chemical nickel plating was studied. The best experimental conditon of PS microspheres chemical nickel plating was gotten: the best reaction temperature is 6070℃, the best PH is 9-10 and the best consentration of nickel sulfate is 2 wt %2.5 wt%.Using gravity sedimentation to assemble colloid crystal templates of Ni/PS nucleocapsid microspheres.The effecting factors of assembling processes were studied and the following results were gotten:.The influence of the particle size of nucleocapsid microspheres and the density of dispersion medium is obviously to the ordinal of colloid crystal templates of Ni/PS nucleocapsid microspheres.When the particle size of Ni/PS nucleocapsid microspheres is less than 2000nm,select aqueous solution of NaCl (mass centival:30%),we can get three dimension colloid crystal templates of Ni/PS nucleocapsid microspheres.Take Ni(AC)2 and H2C2O4 as raw materials,using chemical bath to fill colloid crystal templates of Ni/PS nucleocapsid microspheres.After templates were removed and deoxidized in hydric atmosphere for 4h, the 3DOM of metal Ni.
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