Preparation And Apllication Of Activated Carbon

Activated carbon is a kind of porous material.It becomes the first choice of supercapacitor electrode,because of its pore structure and low price.In this paper,the main results and significant achievements about the preparation of activated carbon and as electrode of supercapacitor were summarized as follows.1.Influence of specific capacitance of activated carbonThe CFAC had higher specific capacitance than ARMPAC.Carbon foam was prepared in high pressure and high temperature,had better crystal structure,so the product of activation had higher specific capacitance.When AMCMB as activated agent content 80%and acetylene black as electric agent content 10%,the AMCMB had the highest specific capacitance.Electrode dipped in the electrolyte in vacuum,can raising the specific capacitance.2.Preparation of spherical activated carbon from mesophase pitchCarbonized the mixture of mesophase pitch and SiO₂ at 300℃～600℃,after milling.The product was carbon beads.AC was prepared from carbon beads and KOH as activator.HFAC was prepared AC was prepared from carbon beads and KOH as activator,after dipped in HF.The effect of carbonization temperature,activation temperature and the carbon/alkali ratio on specific capacitance was investigated.It found that carbon beads had good sharp after carbonization;propriety carbonization temperature was good for rising specific capacitance,no effect for the sharp of carbon beads.The specific capacitance of HFAC was lower than AC;when the carbonization temperature at 500℃,carbon/alkali ratio was 1:5,the AC had the highest specific capacitance,when the carbonization temperature at 550℃,carbon/alkali ratio was 1:7,the HFAC had the highest specific capacitance.3.Preparation of activated carbon from mesophase pitch with silicon compoundsMesophase pitch was prepared from MTCP at 450℃for 1h.MPAC was prepared from mesophase pitch and KOH as activator at 900℃.The other activated carbon was prepared in the same condition with different compounds. The specific capacitance of the products was reviewed.It found that the specific capacitance of products were obviously rising.The products prepared from mesophase pitch,C₈H₂₀O₄Si and H₂O,carbon/alkali ratio was 1:5.Its specific surface area was 3132m²/g,pore volume was 1.699cm³/g,average pore width was2.190nm,specific capacitance was 269.3F/g.4.Formation of nanocarbons during activation of MCMB with KOHMCMB/Co was prepared by pyrolyzing the mixture of coal tar pitch and cobalt acetate at 410℃for 0.5h under nitrogen atmosphere.MCMB/Co carbonized at 1000℃for 1h under nitrogen atmosphere.The product was MCMB/Co-1000.AMCMB/Co was prepared from the mixture of MCMB/Co and KOH activated at 900℃.Compare the microstructure of the products,it found that two kinds of structure nanocarbons are produced during activation of MCMB/Co with KOH,one was nanotube,the other one was nano carbonfiber.These nanocarbons had not been activated.