Study On Eco-Environmental Pressure And Management Countermeasures Of Bohai Bay

For direct reasons of economic development, population growth as well as frequent human activities, Bohai coastal zone environmental "pressure" was produced and aggravated. Environment deterioration cause immeasurable losses to coastal zone, which are characterized by high population density and high economic development level. Under these circumstances, good countermeasures basing on"pressure-respond"analysis ought to be developed and integrated in coastal zone environmental management.This paper explored the current status of environmental pressures and regional responses through collecting and analyzing history data about resource, environment, and socio-economy of Bohai Bay. Through analysis of regional response, Bohai Gulf was diagnosed as being confronted with an important and severe problem i.e. the decrescent runoff and the increased fluxes of pollutants.In order to analyze the main environmental pressure of Bohai Gulf - aquatic environmental problem deeply, analysis of space variation model has been build up. The results show that there is generally a trend that the pollution gets worse from north to south and year after year in Bohai coastal zone, and heavily polluted areas usually gather around estuaries that are main outlets for pollution. This overlaps functional planning of sea, and the main pollutants include inorganic nitrogen, active phosphate, chemical oxygen consumer, oil and heavy metal (mainly lead). In those years that have relatively more rainfall and river flow, the pollution in those area is relatively more serious.Due to the water condition in Bohai Gulf, the computation model to control the total mass of the pollutants in the sea area was developed.With combination of effect from contribution of pollution sources, we could work out the maximum pollution quantity that the Bohai Sea could put up with, and then we could cut the pollution material in proportion with their contribution. This can best manifest the principle that everyone should share water resources equally and share their responsibility for their extra discharges equally too, and it also could avoid extreme situation caused by the linear planning variation. At last it reaches a reasonable plan that allots pollution discharging and curtails the COD quantity of 140,700 ton per year. Two outlets near Tianjin should be controlled for pollution reduction with priority.In this paper, the countermeasure for relieving environment pressure of Bohai Bay has been put forward and the feasibility of increasing the stream has been analyzed from different angles - water balance and ecological environment water demand. To finally increase the stream needs plenty of manpower and material resources and various effect evaluations. And increasing the stream would, in the meantime, increase the fluxes of pollutants. So it needs to go a step further to balance those feasibility.