The Safety Assessment And Early Warning System Of The Oil Port Storage And Transportation

With the rapid development of Chinese national economy,the increase in urban population and improved quality of lives,need for petroleum has become the largest and fastest-growing source of energy.At present,our country's petroleum need amounts over greater than production capacity,and supplyment gap is increasing. Chinese oil import comes mainly from the Middle East,Africa and South America which is mainly completed by sea.To meet the need for the development of maritime transportation of oil,oil port and the business of storage and transportation have developed rapidly.The advantages of the transportation of oil by sea are characterized by the large transportation capacity,the decrease in the turnovering time,the less loss of goods, economic returns,conspicuous social benefits and other notable features.But there are also many great hidden dangers.Because petroleum can cause burning,corrosion, toxicity and pollution,and the lagre amount in the petroleum transportation,in the process of transportion any accidents in the system would arouse fire,explosion, leaking,and other serious accidents which may result in the destruction of ship,the lost of life and the pollution of earth,atmosphere,water.Therefore,based on the status of our country's oil port storage and transportation and by a comprehensive identification of the danger,construction the model of safety assessment and early warning system is of great significance.On the basis of a large number of related documentation and the long-term research,the paper concentrates on the oil storage and transportation by conducting deeply study and exploration.The main contents are as follow:1.Through an integrated,comprehensive analysis of the risk factors in the oil storage and transportation,and the application of system level analysis method,the safety checking list storage and fault tree analysis,the paper has build the model of risk identification based on the factors such as staffs,management,oil port,pipelines and oil tanker;2.Based on the risk identification of the oil port storage and transportation,the paper has put forwards a set of index system for the safety evaluation and established the weigh by using the hierarchy method.Relying on the statistics and datas form the research of an important oil port on the Yangtze river,the weights have been calculated and tested by the consistent method.3.Through a comprehensive risk analysis and risk identification,the paper has established the comprehensive safety assessment model baesd on the grey theory.And on the basis of the evaluation results,the corresponding risk control measures and improvement programme have been put forwards.4.The paper has constructed the early warning system including four main contents:the establishment of early warning index management system,the comprehensive early warning model,the design of the presentation systems and the emergency system,and has also put forwards the further improvement direction in the the index system and presentation systems.