Study On The Extraction, Purification And Physical-chemistry Character Of Pigments From Wild Pyracantha Fortuneana Fruit

The wild Pyracantha fortuneana resources is abundant,safety and innocuity.Its fruit is high nourishment and medicine value,having a huge applied potential in much field,such as food,cosmetics and medicine,etc.Pyracantha fortuneana fruit has much pigment,the colour is beautiful and it is easy to be extracted.Developing the Pyracantha fortuneana can provide high quality and health nature pigment for food and cosmetics industries.At the same time,researching the purification method and physical-chemistry character of Pyracantha fortuneana pigments is very important for using Pyracantha fortuneana effectively.This discourse used solvent extraction method to extract red pigment and yellow pigment in turn(unit produce) from Pyracantha fortuneana fruit,and contrasted the result with those of ultrasonic-assistance extraction and microwave-assistance extraction.Then studied purification of the red pigment with macro porous resins.At last,studied physical-chemistry characters of the red pigment and yellow pigmeng.The results show that the design of process route is reasonable,the method is proper,the extraction-rate and pure degree is high,the research of physical-chemistry character is overall too.1.It was the first time to use solvent extraction method for extracting red pigment and yellow pigment in turns(unit produce) from Pyracantha fortuneana fruit, then contrasted this method with ultrasonic-assistance extraction and microwave-assistance extraction.The results show:(1) 75%ethanol(pH2) is a good solvent for extraction red pigment from Pyracantha fortuneana fruit,the best technology of solvent extraction method is blow: sample to solvent ratio 1:9,extraction 40 minutes for 4 times at 40℃.Under this condition the extraction-rate is more than 80.0%,the produce rate is about 20%,the pigment price is 6.25.(2) 95%ethanol is a good solvent for extraction yellow pigment from Pyracantha fortuneana fruit,the best technology of solvent extraction method is blow: sample to solvent ratio 1:9,extraction 75 minutes for 5 times at 60℃.Under this condition the extraction-rate is more than 83.0%,the produce rate is about 2.1%,the pigment price is 22.2.(3) The research of compared with solvent extraction,ultrasonic-assistance extraction and microwave-assistance extraction expressed that every method has its advantages and disadvantages,we can choose a good extraction method according to instance in produce.2.It was the first time to purification the red pigment with macro porous resin.The study of purification process showed that YWD07H5 macro resin is the best among 9 resins by its static state adsorption and desorption experiments.Using this resin to purification the red pigment,the best desorptiom solvent is 90% ethanol(pH2),the best temperature is 40℃,the best adsorption flow rate is 1.5ml/min, the best desorption flow rate is 1.0ml/min.At this condition the resin could use more than 15 times in circle,and we could gain red pigment pure 4times more than before.3.Studied the physics-chemistry property with red pigment and yellow pigment from Pyracantha fortuneana fruit systematically.The result expressed:(1) The red pigment is stability under acidity,low temperature and lightless condition,and suitable oxidant,reducer,glucide,citric acid and NaCl is good for it,but antiseptic is bad for it.Proper Al³⁺,Ca²⁺,and Cu²⁺is good for red pigment,but K⁺,Mg²⁺,Mn²⁺and Zn²⁺is bad for it,Fe²⁺and Fe³⁺ may change its colour,so it is better to avoid contact with K⁺,Mg²⁺,Mn²⁺,Zn²⁺,Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺,especially Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺.(2) The yellow pigment is stability under litmusless or acidity,low temperature and lightless condition,and suitable oxidant,reducer,glucide,citric acid and NaCl is good for it,but antiseptic is bad for it.proper Al³⁺,Ca²⁺,Cu²⁺ K⁺,Mg²⁺,Mn²⁺and Zn²⁺is good for yellow pigment,Fe²⁺and Fe³⁺ may change its colour too,so it is better to avoid contact with Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺.Yeloow pigment is more stability than red pigment totally.(3) The ash of the red pigment and yellow pigment is better than that of standard prescribe,the harmful mineral contents are better than those of standard prescribe,and the nutrition mineral are very abundant in the two pigments.