Mine Environment Protection Problems And Countermeasures Of Less Developed Areas

The important guarantee to implement the strategy of sustainable development is to correctly handle the relationship between the protection & development & utilization of land recourses and the sustained & stable development of social economy and to promote the coordinated development of population, resources and environment. During the development and utilization of land resources in Tonghua City, some bad phenomena emerged, such as excessive occupation of farmland, destruction and waste of mineral resources and land resources etc., leading to significant reduction in cultivated areas, frequent occurrence of geologic hazards, heavy pollution of mine environment and unbalance of natural ecological environment etc. a series of problems in respect of mine environment, also resulting in exhaustion tendency of dominant mineral resources, lack of potential for future economic development and being faced with economic transition etc. These problems not only exist in Tonghua City, but also exist in less developed areas of our country. For this reason, regarding the mine environment protection in Tonghua City as the object, study is carried out on the basis of the experience summed up by our predecessors. The article introduces the connotation, features and meaning of mine environment protection in less developed areas and the actuality of mine environment protection, and analyzes the actuality of mine environment protection in Tonghua City and the existing problems about exhaustion tendency of resources and progressive environmental deterioration from the administrative management's point of view by taking the existing problems of mine environment protection in less developed areas as the emphasis as well as concludes some problems about mine environment protection in less developed areas, such as confusion of administrative management system, ambiguity of administrative subject for law enforcement, supervision and management not in place, long-term negligence of mine environment protection, lack of funds and technology input, low awareness of mine environment protection, low technical level and helpless feeling with relation to the work for mine environment protection by mining companies etc, also analyzes the causes of the above existing problems from the viewpoint of opinion, management, funds and technology. The article also describes the methods of mine environment protection in UK, USA, Russia and Australia. By strengthening environmental management and the methods such as Prevention in the First Place and Integrating Prevention, highly depending on technological innovation, scientifically and reasonably developing and utilizing resources, reducing the solid waste from mineral activities, these countries'mine environment is efficiently protected. With the aid of using overseas advanced experience for reference and the enlightenment that we should reinforce legal construction, intensify management, increase funds and technology input, the key of mine environment protection is pointed out: how to balance the relationship between the private resources profits maximum of companies and the social public interests maximum of government. Finally, the proposal is addressed: the central government should greatly support the local government at various levels to implement environment governance; the environment protection work performed by the local government at various levels shall strictly comply with central policies; the higher-level government shall make a well supervision and inspection work to the lower-level government; the local government at various levels also shall strictly conform with central policies to lay the mine environment protection work to heart and also the higher-level government shall make a well supervision and inspection work to the lower-level government to put polices in place. Generally speaking, we think that the central government should create a good macro environment to support the local government at various levels to implement environment governance, such as reinforcement of legal construction for mine environment protection, increment of publicity; efficient departmentalization, definition of rights and obligations for supervision authorities and rights of government at all levels, avoidance of overlapping management and multi-point management, and management by taking the land resources department as the leading and integrating various situations; perfection of the evaluation system for the local government at various levels, the evaluation means shall consider the environment and humanity factors, not just GDP, to decrease the economic development at the cost of environmental pollution; the investment in mine environment governance in less developed areas shall be increased to improve mining area environment as soon as possible, meanwhile, the relevant science and technology studies shall be encouraged and spread to companies by the local government at various levels. The grassroots government shall also act as"night watchman","participant"and"controller". Simultaneously, combined with local circumstances, the relationship between economic development and mine environment protection, law enforcement of environment and prevention of environment protection, government leading & private participation and self-awareness of mine owner shall be handled well. By strengthening the public management effectiveness of the central government and the local government at various levels in respect of mine environment protection, coordinating the relationship between economic development and mine environment protection, balancing the relationship between economic development and environment pollution and mobilizing the strength of whole society to improve our production and living environment, thus, the sustainable development of social economy shall be implemented.