The Utilization And Environmental Effects Of Livestock Waste Nitrogen In Huang Huaihai

Where has the nitrogen in animal waste been to environment is the important issue of the development of animal husbandry; the quantity of nitrogen discharged into the atmosphere and water has a direct impact on the quantity of nutrients released into the soil,and to some extent, it determines the efficiency of soil nutrient be used by crops.At present, most of the scholars aim at where nitrogen in animal waste has gone, and most of these research results are at micro scale, macro-scale researches for the whole process from the generation of nitrogen in animal waste to filed are seldom, and analysis of the potential possibility of nitrogen in soil can be used are also infrequent. Therefore, the route of nitrogen in animal waste of the region Huang-huaihai where keeps a large number of pigs, cows, chickens has been set as research object in this study, by referring domestic and foreign literatures and investigating , the concept of RAINS model was used as well as the characteristics of"nutrients flow", the process of "stall - storage - Farmland Application" was regarded as a chain, a systematic analysis of the three types of livestock and poultry of different raising sizes, the rout of nitrogen to atmosphere and water in different segments has been made, and the amount of available nitrogen nutrient in soil has also been calculated; some scenario analysis of reducing animal waste emissions and increasing the amount of available nutrients have been carried out, according to different conditions in different ways the loss of nitrogen. The results show that:1.The total amount of nitrogen produced by three types of animal of the Huang-Huaihai area reached 3.262 million tons in 2005, the contribution rate of large scale farming and scattered farming was 64% and 36%respectively. In terms of the types of animal, the sequence of nitrogen quantity was as follows: pig> chicken> cow; while at the large scale farming, the relationship of the three was: chicken> cow> pig. Gradually the large scale farming became dominant culture, and chicken waste nitrogen productivity was significantly higher than pig.2. The quantity of the three types of animal waste nitrogen emissions to the atmosphere was higher than that discharged into water, and also above that can be used by crop in soil environment. but in the large scale farming, the quantity of poured into water taken the main degree. The largest contribution for the atmosphere and water of nitrogen emissions was from pig; the number of waste nitrogen from pig discharged into the soil which can be used by crops may be 226,000 tons, the highest in three.3. Different disciplines have been shaped in different losing processes for the three types of animals. The number of nitrogen loss of pig waste: storage> pig> farmland application; the number of dairy cattle waste nitrogen losses: field application> Dairy Scotia> storage; the number of chicken waste nitrogen losses: field application> Storage> sheds.4. The scale of culture and finally into the soil of nitrogen available for crop use of nutrients were higher than the number of free-range farmers, but the size of farms under nutrient nitrogen availability was lower than the free-range farmers, which were 28.04%, 29.34 %. Animal waste nitrogen in the soil and crop utilization may be there are great regional differences, in 2005, Henan Province, the soil nitrogen pig crop waste can make use of the high volume of 81,000 tons for; Hebei dairy waste nitrogen Soil can make use of the high volume of crops for 38,000 tons; Shandong Province chicken crop waste soil nitrogen available to the high volume of 5.7 million tons.5. Scenario analysis shows that the impact of nitrogen loss if some of the factors change, nitrogen, the quantity of nutrients into the soil for use of the number of crops and nutrient availability have changed. However, measures of a change, only the nutrient content of nitrogen have a smaller impact of the changes. If livestock waste gas treatment, can be increased to some extent, the amount of nitrogen into the soil, but nutrient availability did not markedly improved. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of nutrient availability, but also key links from the start to reduce the loss of the link.