Study On Watershed Ecological Compensation Standards And Ecological Compensation Mechanism

This paper, taking Pishihang Basin in Anhui Province as the research object and using empirical research methods, works for a depth research of the determination for the ecological compensation standards and the establishment of an ecological compensation mechanism.The study, taking sustainable development, ecology, resource and environmental economics, systems theory and other scientific theories as a guide, also based on the literature research, data collection, field research and stakeholder analysis, divided ecological compensation areas of the study area. Spill-effective method and cost-accounting method have been used for accounting the standards of ecological compensation. Simultaneously, the basic framework of the ecological compensation mechanism has been brought forward. This opinion combining research with empirical analysis, qualitative evaluation with quantitative evaluation, theoretical with operability aimed at providing theoretical guidance and reference for the ecological environmental protection and restoration.This paper came to the conclusions through research:(1) Based on discussion of ecological compensation theory and connotation, then a number of important features provided from watershed ecosystem have been summarized, it worked out the main compensation and the compensation object through studying on the ecological compensation mechanism for watershed.(2) Combining upper and lower basins of the natural environment, social conditions and the corresponding ecological function zoning of the Pishihang basin, the ecological compensation space of the areas have been divided into "areas of ecological value of the debt service" and "the ecological value of the compensation area". Also the ecological stakeholder groups in watershed are classified, at the same time, the relationship and affect between groups which related to the interests have been elaborated.(3) Put forward to the standards accounting system for ecological compensation according to the spillover benefits, cost-based accounting. The overflow accounting model and cost accounting model have been built. Using spill-effective method to calculate the standard of ecological compensation is $7.05 billion, and using the cost method to calculate the standard of ecological compensation is $ 2.34 billion. It provided two different standards of compensation programs for policy makers to choose according to the basis of financial resources.(4) Through the analysis of the characteristics and the current situation of our river basin ecological compensation mechanism, taking basin economic, social and policy based on the actual situation into account, the paper put forward the basin the general framework of an ecological compensation mechanism which takes "management and coordination mechanism", "organic integration of the government and the market operation mechanism of the funds" and "system protection mechanism" as the pillar.The financing of ecological compensation mechanism, and the management and operation mode with ecological compensation funds of "blood-type" and the "blood type" have had clear arrangements. It makes full use of existing government's management resources to carry out the management and oversight of funds for ecological compensation and improve the systems construction of ecological compensation mechanism.