| Ultra-fine e-glass fiber is a key basic material in the fields of electronic information, aviation and spaceflight, and so on. It is applied widely in many areas throughout the national economy and national defense industry. The core technology of producing high-end ultra-fine e-glass fiber is monopolized by the few countries such as the United States and Japan. To research & develop home-made ultra-fine e-glass fiber and break the core technology monopoly has an important practical and historical significance to improve technical level and sustainable development ability of our glass fiber industry and promote the development of our high-end civil electronic industry and national defense industry.The research emphases of this thesis are the geometric shapes of ultra-fine e-glass fibers and the performance characterization & evaluation system of sizing agent that are the technical foundation of ultra-fine e-glass fibers. The surface morphologies of the glass fiber with and without sizing agent treated are investigated and analyzed by the analysis techniques of Optical Microscope (OM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). The method of evaluating the cylindricity of ultra-fine e-glass fiber is studied by means of SEM and image analysis method. The measurement methods of the diameter of ultra-fine e-glass fiber are studied by improving the traditional OM measurement and proposing the new SEM measurement, and moreover, the adaptability of the two measurements used in the diameter of ultra-fine e-glass fiber are compared and analyzed. The development trend of performance characterization & evaluation system of sizing agent is analyzed and the frame of performance characterization & evaluation system of sizing agent is introduced and constructed in this thesis.The main results are shown in the following:1. The designed and improved sample preparation in the OM, SEM and AFM measurement can meet expression and analysis to geometric shapes of ultra-fine e-glass fiber. Three analysis techniques of OM, SEM and AFM are used successfully in achieving the mesoscopic and microscopic representation of longitudinal surface morphologies of ultra-fine e-glass fiber. The SEM images of longitudinal surface of ultra-fine e-glass fiber are analyzed by the use of image analysis method, and the cylindricity of ultra-fine e-glass fiber can be evaluated. The diameter distribution of glass fiber monofilament can be obtained by statistical analysis.2. Ultra-fine e-glass fibers without sizing agent treated observed through the lens of OM appear as smooth cylinders but their surface details can't be shown by OM. While, by the observation of SEM, many fine-size particles and drapes distribute on the surfaces of ultra-fine e-glass fibers without sizing treated and their cross-sections are not regular circles.3. The similar characteristic surface morphologies of ultra-fine e-glass fibers with sizing agent treated are observed through the lens of OM and by the observation of SEM. The three characteristic surface morphologies are shown as: uniform continuous film, particles and tubercles with different sizes, and raised shell. Comparatively speaking, details are observed fully by the SEM.4. Both of the measurements of OM and SEM can measure the diameters of ultra-fine e-glass fiber and their measurement results have a similar statistical law. Comparatively speaking, the measure error of the SEM is smaller but that its cost is more expensive and its sample preparation is much harder.5. The frame of performance characterization & evaluation system of sizing agent which includes three routes is put forward and constructed. The three routes are sizing agent—direct performance of sizing agent itself—production application, sizing agent—indirect performance of sizing agent coating—production application and sizing agent—industrialized authentication—production application. Fifteen indexes of sizing agent itself such as pH value, stability, and solid content, etc, in the first route, Six indexes of sizing agent coating such as hardness, strength and elasticity, etc, in the second route and four links in industrialized authentication such as fiber drawing technology and processing property of glass fiber, etc, in the last route are advanced and analyzed.
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