Discussion On The Community Management Of Rural Environmental Problems

Every step of the human society development accompanied with environmental problems. They are comprehensive and involve all levels of society. At present, China confronts serious ecological problems. Environmental pollution is serious in rural areas, but the authorities have not paid enough attention to that and the importance of strengthening protection. In recent years, some scholars tried to use market mechanisms and government to analyze and solve environment problems. However, both methods failed in improving rural environment. Since 1980s , the concept of community development has become increasingly popular in the international society and many development projects have put up the campaign slogans of"Join In"and"Basing on the Community". At the same time, an increasing number of case studies and literatures have probed into the experience and potential of managing rural natural resources in terms of theory and practice. This idea not only challenges the "the tragedy of public land" and rerealizes the"joint property right ", but also is a hot issue which sociological studies have agreed upon. Meanwhile, theoretically there are two reasons for communities participating in the environmental protection. One is that the superiority in its information can save lots of transaction costs. The other is that the communities'intervention in the government and individuals is a vital way to coordinate them as well as prevent the failure of the government and the market. In that way all the positive factors can be brought into full play to manage and to protect the rural environmental resources. Due to the government's insufficient devotion to the country's environmental protection and too focusing on cities', together with the serious local protectionism, peasants'lack of environmental awareness, the extensive mode of production and serious pollution, rural environment is increasingly deteriorating while the urban environment is increasingly improving. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the environment protection by communities and also to research and explore the community mechanisms deeply in rural environmental protection.