Studies On Extraction And Purification Of Saponin From Camellia Seed Meal

The development of the tea saponin may have bright future and remarkable economic benefit because there is abundant camellia seed resource in china. The method of tea saponins'quantitative determination, the process of extraction, purification from camellia seed meal have been studied in this dissertation, and puoduct structure were identified preliminary. This method could optimize manufacturing process, reduce the production cost, improve productivity and purity, as well as get a lighter colour. The process is simple, stabile and easily industrialized. The results and most of the content as follows:1. The spectrophotometric method of vanillin-concentrated sulphuric acid to measure the content of tea saponin was established. The best conditions was that: the maximum absorption wavelength of 550nm, 1.0 mL 8% of the vanillin ethanol solution, 8.0 mL of 77% concent rated sulphuric acid, water bath temperature of 60℃, bath time of 25 minutes. The relative tandard deviation and average recovery rate were 1.29% and 99.28% respectively. The results of the experiments conformed that this method was accurate, rapid, simple and reproducible, can be used in factory.2. The research of tea saponin extraction technic.Compared with other two kinds of extractant, methanol was applied. Orthogonal method was used for studying the effect of methanol concentration, volume, extracting time, pH and temperature. The optimum extracting conditions were obtained as follows: 7 times of amount of 70% methanol, extracted at 55℃for 2 hours and pH value l0.5. The yield was 14.45% at the conditions listed above.3. Purification of tea saponin. Flocculation-Precipitation, a new technic of purification was formed by combination. Orthogonal method was used for studying the effect of dosage of chitosan, dosage of auxiliary, and flocculation time. The optimum extracting conditions were obtained as follows: 5mL chitosan and 5mL auxiliary, flocculating for 4 hours. The impurities-removal rate was 34.33% with the rate tea saponin loss was 5.64% at the conditions listed above.Compared with several kinds of precipitants after flocculation, CaO was applied. NH4HCO3 was chosed as transformation reagent. The optimum precipitation parameters were abtained by aseries of simplex factor experiments, and the best conditions were as folows: the ratio of CaO to tea saponin was 1.4, mixing time 2 hours, setting for 2 hours, decompounding solution was filtrated and the filter cake was washed into a beaker, the ratio of NH4HCO3 to CaO was 2.0, mixed at 60℃for 1 hour. The precipitation-conversion rate was 74.15% and the purity of powdery tea saponin obtained was 82.75% at the conditions listed above. The results of the experiments conformed that the increase in product purity, concentrated tea saponin aqueous solution, the difficulty, reduced the energy consumption.4. Decoloration process were studied and puoduct structure were identified preliminary. H2O2 was applied as decolorizer. The optimum conditions of hydrolysis found by orthogonal test was:decolored at 60℃for 50min, 25%H2O2, pH value 6.0. The decolorization rate was 91.62% at the conditions listed above. By UV spectrogram, infrared spectrum, tea saponin through this extraction technics were identified as pentacyclic triterpene saponin. It conforms to the reports.