Study On Extraction Of Oil Tea Seeds By Mix-solvents And Purification Of Tea Saponin Using Macro-porous Resins

Camellia oleifera was widely grown in the South of China, the main component of it's seed were: tea oil (TO) 40~60%, tea saponin (TS) 16%, protein 15.9%, nutrition of tea oil was similar to olive oil, tea saponin was a kind of oleanene-type triterpene saponin and a natural non-ionic surface active agent with good pharmacology functions, such as: antigungi, antiinflammatio, antivirus, antioxidant, antihypertension , alcohol absorbing inhibition-protect gastrointestinal and insecticide, so it's necessary to give more study oil tea seed.Having studied quantitative analysis methods of TS, vanillin-oil of vitriol color reaction method was chosen to determine the content of TS in Methanol Phase (MP) and oil tea seeds, which was the most common used method of quantitative saponin analyzing, as it had advantages of sensitivity, operation easy. Pure tea saponin was prepared using macro porous adsorption resins column. The standard curve of quantitative analysis was protracted using pure TS.Both TO and TS could be got at the same time in the process of oil tea seed extraction by methanol/6# solvent/water(HAW) mix-solvents, which was just one step operation, which had overcome the defects of the old tea seed treating methods. Through experiments, the best single-step extraction conditions were: the particles passing through 40-mesh sieve, time of extraction was 15 min ,R_H=4,R_M=4,R_w=0.4, temperature of extraction was 50°C,Y_o=84.61%, Y_s=85.25%.In order to extract TO and TS from tea seeds fully, multi-step extraction was studied on the basis of single-step extraction, when R_h=R_m=2, R_w=0.4 T=50°C, θ=15min, after three-step extraction, Y_o = 93.12%; when R_h = Rm = 3, after three-step extraction, Y_s=96.20%.When tea seeds were ultrasonic-extracted when ultrasonic frequency was 40 kHz, R_H=4, RM=4, R_w=0.4, θ=2min, Y_o=83.26%, of which was higher than Y_o of ordinary extraction, θ=10min, Y_s=86.43%, of which was also higher than that.What's more, the extraction time was also shortened greatly.TS was purified from MP directly using HPD100 macro-porous resin, the best stationary adsorption condition were: pH=3.5 > TS concentration of MP was 35.94mg/mL, which was diluted by 50%(v/v) methanoh in the room temperatiu^ adsorption time was 150min, the adsorption capacity was 145.45mg.g~1. The best desorption condition were:T=30°C, the solvent volume to the resin ratio was 20mL /g(v/m^ methanol concentration was 80%, desorption time was 75min, elution ratio was 90%; TS in the MP was purified in the self-made macro-porous resin column when pH of MP changed from 3.5-10, results showed that: when pH=9,the yield and the purity of TS were suitable, the yield rate was 77.03%,and the purity was 85.36%.