Study On Synthesis And Properties Of Quaternary Ammonium Salt Type Trimeric Surfactants

We used fatty alcohols (C12, C14, C16, C18) as well as sodium bromide and sulfuric acid as raw material to form alkyl bromide (RBr), in the other hand, we used formaldehyde and N, N-dimethyl-phenylenediamine to form hexahydro triazine, then put the two in isopropanol in the reaction of quaternary ammonium spacer ring with the quaternary ammonium salt type trimeric surfactant (Tn). By means of the two titration to the content of active material, after purification, the products of the activity of all content were over 98%. IR, MS and NMR wereused for structural characterization of the product, determined by the cationic surfactants, as well as surface properties of application performance. The results showed that: the four kinds of quaternary ammonium salt type trimeric surfactants had strong surface adsorption and micelle generating capacity, with the alkyl chain length from 12 to 18, CMC decreased; adsorption was greater than both zero, which showed that the solute concentration at the interface was the major phase of its concentration in vivo; foaming property had weakened, while the stable of foam of alkyl had increased with the increase of the chain length. Fluorescent probe method indicate the micelles aggregation number, which also showed that quaternary ammonium surfactant trimeric Tn the formation of micelles aggregation number had increased with the increase of the concentration in a linear upward trend. At the same time we used a fixed 90°scattering angle dynamic laser light scattering to study quaternary ammonium salt type trimeric surfactant micelles and the aggregation of the role of morphology, results showed that: with the growth of chain lenth of the long alkyl, quaternary ammonium type timeric surfactants micelle formation had increased gradually, quaternary ammonium surfactant T18 formed as spheroidal aggregates in the concentration of 3×10-5 mol / L.We preliminary studied on the quaternary ammonium salt type trimeric surfactants used to modify Na-montmorillonite (MMT). The quaternary ammonium salts type trimeric surfactants Tn used as organic intercalation agent to modified Na-montmorillonite. FTIR and TGA indicated that Tn was intercalated into the galleries of MMT. XRD showed that the d-spacing of modification with the surfactant T18 was increased from 1.486 nm to 3.521nm, the effect of modification with the surfactant T16 was increased to 3.307 nm., the effect of modification with the surfactant T14 was increased to 2.562nm and the effect of modification with the surfactant T12 was increased to 2.319nm. Sedimentation experiment indicated that MMT modified with T16 formed gel in styrene or methylbenzene, and showed good compatibility and dispersibility. It is also favorable for polymer or its monomer entering into the galleries to form nanocomposites.