Study Of Highway Regional Ecosystems Evaluation And Analysis Method Based On RS And GIS

Recently, with rapid development of road transport industry, the people pay more attention at the environmental problems, especially in freeway. The way of the traditional domain of landscape ecology research, not only laborious and time-consuming and difficult to correct the overall domain of ecological landscape, macro grasp, in many cases difficult to obtain the desired results.Firstly, the papers introduce the definition of highway regional ecosystem and the degraded ecosystems, and then analyze highway impact on the highway regional ecosystem and the reason of the causes of degraded ecosystems. It is provide the basic rationale for the way of automatic recognition of the highway regional ecosystem and evaluation of the extent of degradation of ecosystems.The paper use the conventional means of investigation, based on the combination of existing theory and practice of basic research results, and use the two high-resolution satellite SPORT-5 images in October 2004 and May 2007 as the basic source of information. It is use of remote sensing technology (RS), geographic information systems (GIS) platform to Wan Ping highway near the junction of He Nan and Shan Xi for the evaluation of a certain region the establishment of image interpretation of signs. And then it obtain the classification of remote sensing data and classification of thematic maps, by using of spectral feature space image interpretation signs and classifying the remote sensing image, and it provide a strong technical support and a technical methods to comprehensive, objective and accurate achieve before and after road construction on the ecological conditions. The purpose is to fast, efficient and dynamic understanding knows the ecological changes causing by the highway construction. It is provided a basis in Wan-Ping Expressway Investigation ecological background, and also provided the modern ecological technology of highway design and research to provide background information on the region.The paper use thematic maps derived from remote sensing classification and classification of data, combined with field surveys, data collection, referenced to the latest issued by the national criteria and indicators system, and use the complex composite index model for the abundance of biological index, vegetation cover index, density index of water, land degradation indicators, environmental quality index, ecological conditions index for the evaluation index. And then, To establish the extent of ecological degradation path model of the domain and their corresponding evaluation index system of comprehensive consideration of the ecological characteristics along, the level of economic and cultural development, environmental pollution, etc., and show it on Graphs and charts.In short, this thesis to the macro-RS, a comprehensive, dynamic, fast by the characteristics and GIS information with powerful analytics and integrated portfolio combining ecological assessment domain for the road with a high feasibility, time-consuming short, is of potential good, high accuracy analysis of the methods and means. It increased levels of highway construction, highway construction and to promote harmony of ecosystems.