Highway Entironment Information Extraction And Evaluation Based On Remote Sensing

The rapid development of the highway in our country has brought many adverse environmental impacts. The environmental evaluation on highway construction projects could be used to propose strategies and measures for removing and minimizing the bad effects.First of all, papers make an assay of the theory, foundation and research on the status quo at home and abroad about highway environmental assessment from the problems caused by highway. The highway construction environmental assessment includes: social, ecology, conservation of water and soil, landscape, atmospheric, as well as noise. Eco-environmental quality assessment is the key content. After discussing the classification of environmental assessment, this paper selects the post-evaluation method of the ecological environment of the highway as our object for some primary study.Determine the quantitative evaluation index system on ecological environment. The study selects five evaluations such as the biological abundance index, vegetation coverage index, water density index, land degradation index and pollution load index refers to the Nation Environment Protection Administration promulgated "Evaluation of Ecological Environment of the Technical Specifications (for Trial)" in 2006. By calculating the ecological quality index (EQI), classify the ecological environment quality.Analyze remote sensing technology development trends and propose a method to evaluate the highway ecological quality by using remote sensing techniques. This paper selects the Changsha-Xiangtan highway in Hunan Province as a pilot area, processing and interpretation the remote sensing images of test region. Based on the field data and RS image, using Titan Image 6.5, the study interprets the remote sensing image which has been segmented, pretreated and classified within the 300m on both sides of the Changsha-Xiangtan highway. Combined with the survey data and visual interpretation, the final results of the classification have been gained by editing, merging and modifying the classified result.According to the field investigation and information, the quality of the ecological environment along the highway was assessed based on the results of the use of remote sensing. From the calculation and analysis, it's shown that regional ecological environment along the road was fine in quality, good in vegetation coverage, rich in water resources, very variable in bio-diversity. Ecosystem functions were integral, stable and sustainable in development.Test results confirm that this quantitative research method of using remote sensing has more obvious advantages than the traditional method. This research showed that in the highway construction process, the stability of the entire ecosystem along the highway hasn't been impacted seriously, as long as the necessary environmental protection measures and some ecological rehabilitation measures should be taken.