Study On The Organic Pollutants In Drainage Channels In Oilfields

As the rapid development of the oil industry, organic pollutants have an negative impact on the environment. They are harmful to the ecological environment and human health because of its characteristics of long-term storage, organic save-up and high toxicity, so this problem has been concerned widely. These oil-based pollutants are mainly embodied in two aspects: soil pollution and water pollution. Organic pollutants inflow into the bottom of rivers and drainage channels with rainfall and surface runoff directly. It should be pointed out that the pollution of sediment mud in oil field drainage channels has becoming worse and worse. Even it causes the deterioration of the water body. In this article some experiments and studies have been done about organic pollutants in the oilfield sediment mud. Some conclusions and my own views are drawn.Based on analyzing the organic pollutants of water and sediment in different positions of four main drainage channels in daqing oilfield, combining with the basis of the collection of a lot of documentation available, we point out the present situation of the organic pollutants and their harms to the environment. Through optimizing laboratory testing approach of organic pollutants in sediment mud, we use ultrasonic extraction, column chromatography and GC-MS methods to detect the organic pollutants of the sediment mud in the oil field drainage channels, and have qualitative and quantitative analysis to obtain the types and content of organic pollutants in the sediment. At the same time it can favor us understanding the pollution status of organic pollutants in the sediment in the oil field near the drainage channel, and it can provide the basic data of the study for migration and transformation of pollutants in the environment.In the four main drainage channels, the organic pollutants can be broadly divided into four types: petroleum, chemical, lifestyle and pesticides. The content of organic pollutants is largely impacted by point pollution sources, the differences between content of organic pollutants are great in the different points; without the impact of point sources, organic content from the upstream to downstream increases regularily. The content of organic pollutants is the highest at the surface of sediment, and the organic content decreases with the depth of sediment. The organic content decreases sharply at the sediment of 0 ~ 10 cm, while it decreases slowly at the sediment of 10 ~ 20 cm. At the sediment of 0~ 10cm where the transfer of organic pollutants and degradation is rapid, and organic pollutants in sediments is mainly adsorpted. The organic pollutants control and management measures of main drainage channels of oilfield development zone are source control method, streams contact oxidation process, wetland sewager treatment technologies, micro-organisms treatment methods, etc.