Synthesis And Solution Property Of Gemini Type Surfactant And Further Research About Their Interaction With Polymer Molecules

Recently, Gemini surfactant as a new kind of cationic surfactant had made a great progress in the past two decades. Hundreds of compounds have been prepared. The physical properties, antibacterial properties and phase transfer catalytic properties and also the properties of imating the biological organization were also studied. In this paper, a series of Gemini surfactants, GS 22:1-s-22:1 (s=2, 4, 6), with unsaturated erucyl chains and the corresponding monomeric surfactant EHAB were synthesized, their surface properties, abilities to form wormlike micelles and rheological properties of wormlike micellar solutions based on some surfactants were systematically invertigated. Our main findings are as follows:Highly pure erucyl bromide was prepared by selecting mild reaction conditions and low temperature recrystallization purification process from commercial ecrucic acid. The N,N,N',N'-tetramethylalkylenediamine, N,N,N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl) methyl lamine and erucyl bromide were used to synthesize the cationic Gemini surfactants 22:1-s-22:1 and the corresponding monomeric surfactant EHAB, which are characterized by 1H-NMR and elemental analysis etc.According to the results of viscosity measurement based on Ubbelohde viscometer, GS 22:1-6-22:1 and EHAB self-assemble into spherical micelles at first and then grow into rodlike micelles as their concentration increases in the dilute solution regime. GS 22:1-2-22:1 forms vesicular aggregates, GS 22:1-4-22:1 seems to form mixed aggregates which contain vesicles and rodlike micelles.Also, surfactants interact with polymers when they coexist, leading to changes in properties, such as viscosity, surface tension, etc. The interaction between EHAB,CTAB,CTAC and water-soluble polymer poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) in water ;The interaction between GS 22:1-6-22:1-MC and GS 22:1-6-22:1-PEO.The effect of CTAC-PEO interaction on the structure of PEO has been discussed. The hydrophobic interaction between CTAC and PEO results in the stretch of PEO chain.And. The hydrophobic interaction between GS 22:1-6-22:1and MC results in the stretch of MC chain, too.According to the method presented by Wolf, the intrinsic viscosity of polyelectrolyte can be obtained either by extrapolating the generalized intrinsic viscosity {η} towards zero concentration c or by the initial slope of the dependence of the logarithm of the relative viscosity lnηr on polymer concentration c. Our research indicates that the value of the generalized intrinsic viscosity {η}, the apparent intrinsic viscosity [η]app and the reduced viscosityηsp/c become the same as extrapolating concentration c to zero. Furthermore, the viscosity measurement indicates that the dependence of {η},[η]app andηsp/c with concentration c is just the same in extremely diluted polyelectrolyte solutions. This suggests that the method to determine the intrinsic viscosity of polyelectrolyte by extrapolating the generalized intrinsic viscosity {η} towards zero concentration c is essentially just the same as extrapolatingηsp/c towards zero concentration c in the Hugginsηsp/c versus c plot which is traditionally used.