The Development And Capability Of A Pump For Heavy Oil Transportation Based On The Requirements Of Liaohe Oil Region

At present, crude oil production has entered a stage of the thick oil exploitation in our country, which solidifies easily at room temperature with high viscosity and high bitumen content. So many countries, have the similar products, more use the car to transport crude oil heavy oil. The vehicle mode of transport, as high transportation costs, long delivery time, low safety factor, and easily damaged roads, has been troubling problems for crude production. Engineering technical personnel who make use of crude oil's fluency as the breakthrough point have finally tackled the difficult task of transporting crude oil after hard work in our country. However, the pump for transportation of crude oil exists such as low efficiency, short maintenance lead time, high maintenance costs, the existence of pollution on the environment and other issues, therefore the development of a pump with high efficient, energy-saving, environmental protection and durable for heavy oil transportation has tremendous economic and social benefits.Currently, many types of pumps are used for heavy oil transportation, including centrifugal pumps, rotor pumps, reciprocating pumps and screw pumps. Both the service conditions of these pumps which are used for oil transportation and the domestic research results show that, when centrifugal pumps are used for crude oil transportation, its price is cheap, its volume is small and its weight is light. However, when centrifugal pumps are used for heavy oil transportation, its mechanical efficiency is reduced to 50% or less, its vibration and noise is great. What's more, centrifugal pumps can't be used for Extra-heavy oil transportation. When rotor pumps are used for heavy oil transportation, its mechanical efficiency is higher than centrifugal pumps'. Because of a large number of silt in the heavy oil, the vanes of the rotor pumps are abraded heavily, which can influence its efficiency and life. When centrifugal pumps are used for heavy oil transportation, its mechanical efficiency is higher, its life is longer and its main performance parameters are unchanged when oil viscosity or port pressure changed. But there are many disadvantages of centrifugal pumps which restrict centrifugal pumps'applications in heavy oil transportation, such as centrifugal pumps'volume is larger, centrifugal pumps'weight is great, centrifugal pumps'maintenance is complex, the flow of centrifugal pumps'outlet is unstable. When screw pumps are used for heavy oil transportation, its mechanical efficiency is higher, its operation is smooth and its noise is small. But the pressure of screw pumps'outlet can't be too high. Because of a large number of silt in the heavy oil, the screws or bush is abraded easily, which can decrease the screw pumps'mechanical efficiency and increase the screw pumps'maintenance expense. According to the data comes from Liaohe oil region, the purchase expense and maintenance expense of a screw pump are higher than other pumps which have the same theoretical pump capacity. Therefore, developing a new pump which has the feature of high in mechanical efficiency, low in purchase expense and maintenance expense, smooth in operation, small in volume, light in weight and no leakage is important.In response to these circumstances, we have developed a new flat valve type radial piston pump successfully for heavy oil transportation is introduced in the article. This new radial piston pump uses many independent shakeable cylinder blocks besides mechanical mandatory return stroke. Compared to the traditional reciprocating pumps, it is more compacter in frame, smaller in size, lighter in weight and lower in flow capacity pulsation rate, and so on. In accordance with the standard testing of GB/T 7784-2006, under the rated working condition, the mechanical efficiency of the pump is extended to 89% while the volumetric efficiency of the pump is extended to 92%. Besides, a reliability test which lasted three months was done for a prototype of this new pump in Liaohe oil region. During this test, the prototype ran smoothly with no malfunction and no leakage. So this new pump as a kind of energy-saving product has good application prospects.