Comparative Studies On Biololgical Activity Of Different Wood Vinegar

In this paper,4 kinds of wood vineger of corncob (Y), pine cone (S) walnut branch (Z) and the walnut shell (K) after refining, distillation, neutralization and column chromatography separation, the vitro antimicrobial activities were investigated. The chemical compositions contained in four types of wood vinegar and the separatied components which have high inhabiting rates were analyzed by GC-MS.The results are as follows:1. The chemical compositon of Y,S,Z and K were different, the relative contents of common ingredients were also different. 4 kinds of wood vinegar chemical composition similar to the main, mainly consist of acids, phenols,ketones, aldehydes ,etc(Descending order according to their relative content). Their had 24 kinds of common compounds, the number of common compounds accounted for about 50% of the total, the sum of common compounds'relative content accounted for about 70%.Descending order according to the sum of acids'relative content were Y>Z>K>S, phenols'were K>Z>S>Y, and ketones'were S>Y>Z>K.The sum of relative content of aldehydes and alcohols were about 5% and 3% respectively.2. The less volatile compounds of K were separated following its polarity by the silica gel column chromatography, the content of phenolic compouds in chloroform phase (K1) and chloroform / ethyl acetate (10:1) (K2) phase were the highest with 44.22% and 60.99% respectively.Although the K1, K2 with different polarity, they had a common compoudst- 2,6 - dimethoxy-phenol with the highest relative content 28.69% and 38.77% respectively. The content of benzene compounds took the took the second place, it maybe was the product of chemical reactions, as K without benzene compounds. And then it were ketones compouds.3. By the sum of inhibiting rates of wood vinegar, their activity sequence was K, Y, S, from strong to weak. The four kinds of wood vinegars can inhibit variety plant pathogen in different degrees, By plant pathogens,the inhibiting rate of four kinds of wood vinegar for Thanatephorus cucumeris,Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Phacidiopycnis washingtonensis showed to be the most effective. The inhibiting rate for plant pathogens of four kinds of wood vinegar decreased with the decrease of concentration. They still had some antimicrobial activity when the concentration decreased to 1:250-1:2000.4. Wood vinegar contained acid and phenolic compounds with antimicrobial activity, but acids or phenolic compounds which isolated from the wood vinegar had lower antimicrobial activity compared with the mixture mixed with acids and phenolic compounds according to a certain proportion, this showed the combination of acids and phenolic compounds had synergistic effect, and infered that in study of control plant diseases, proper ratio of different compounds with antimicrobial activity was impotant in improve antimicrobial activity.