| In recent years, there is growing emphasis on the development and utilization of new green and environmental protecting fiber and the research on the natural fiber is in more depth. Bamboo fiber as a new kind of fiber, more and more attentions are paid on its development and utilization, and another advantage is that bamboo is a type of renewable resources, also China is rich in bamboo resources, so bringing bamboo resources into the development of teztil fiber will have a better prospect. Thus, this paper proposed the method by biological enzyme degumming to extracted the bamboo fiber.Firstly,according to GB5889-86"Quantitative Analysis Method on the Chemical Composite content of Remine", the paper quantitatively analysised the main components of bamboo, and gained that cellulose was accounted for 42.13% and lignin for 25.67%, pectin 0.55%.Then the degumming process was determined according to the results of the quantitative analysis and the principle of natural bamboo fiber seperation method as following: pretreatment→thermal cracking→water washing(washing)→complex biological enzyme degumming→washing→degumming by white-rot fungi→washing→compound biological enzyme treatment→washing→bleaching→the oil treatment→washing→carding→drying. By measuring the weight loss, the thermal cracking time was determined as 2.5h, and then by the single factor and orthogonal design test to ensure the rang of each factor and by comparing and analysising the factors which affect the degumming effect, the paper confirmed the optimize process of the enzyme degumming as follows: enzyme concentration was 4g / L, pH = 7.5, time t = 10h, the temperature T = 55℃. Then the uniform design was used to fix on the optimizaion process of white-rot degumming: degumming time was 20 days, the the bacterial concentration was 10g / L, temperature was 36.5℃, pH = 5.5.Observing the electronic microscopy picture of the obtain fiber, the cross section was unregular lumbar round with holes in the surface, and there were grooves and uneven thickness seening from the longitudinal direction.Then the paper measured the length and finess of the fiber gained by the optimizing process, the length of the longest fiber was 67.9mm, the lowest was 8.2mm, and the average length of the fiber was 27.66mm, the average linear density was 66.6dtex, and the breaking strength was 15.76cN/tex, seeing from the above-mentioned parameters, the fiber can meet the requirements of spinning thick yarns. After that, the infrared spectrum analysis method was used to analysis the iner structure and then made a comparation with the bamboo pulp fiber. Finally, by the TGA thermal analysis method to analyse the thermal properties of the fiber, and got that the thermal stability of the fiber was similar with the other natural cellulose fibers.It is useful to the environment protection to adopt the pure biological methods to extract the bamboo fibers, but seen from the experimenal effect, the removal effect of lignin is relatively worse, the reseach on the way of lignin removing by white-rot fungi have been lasted for decades at home and abroa, whereas to the removal of lignin in woody plants, there also is not any efficient strain to find out, therefore, research on this area remains to be intensive study.
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