The Study On Resistance And Absorptive Capacity To Formaldehyde Of Several Indoor Ornamental Plants

Modern interior room decoration led to increasingly serious pollution of indoor formaldehyde,therefore,both indoor ornamental plants for landscaping and eliminate the potential of formaldehyde and benzene pollution have attracted much attention. Using 16 kinds of annual pest potted ornamental plants of common and affordable indoor, growing well, no pests as experimental material, basing on its resistance to formaldehyde, they could be divided into high, medium and low categories;Treated with different concentrations of formaldehyde,three kinds of ornamental plants of anti-formaldehyde mechanism, the absorption capacity of formaldehyde, and the relationship between them were studied. Exogenous ABA and sucrose on the resistance of plants to improve resistance to formaldehyde of low capacity and absorptive capacity were studied. At the same time, by the use of nuclear technology apical, plants for formaldehyde monitoring were filtered. Training for people in the future high resistance to high formaldehyde plants and selection of formaldehyde absorption indicator plant has important theoretical and practical significance. The results showed as follows:1. According to the formaldehyde plant under stress grading hurt, the experiment explained 16 kinds of potted ornamental plants ability of anti-formaldehyde. Resistance by the strong to weak were as follows: Schefflera octophylla>Chlorophytum comosum, Scindapsus aureum, Hedera nepalensis,Narcissus jonquilla>Tagetes erecta, Salvia splends,Commelina communis,Begonia×hiemalis>ZinniaeIegans,Zebrina pendula,Celosia cristata>Salvia farinacea,Impatiens×linearifolia>Coleus blumei,Melissa officinalis. The experiment chose the ability of anti-formaldehyde high, medium, and low ornamental plants——Scindapsus aureum, Zebrina pendula ,Melissa officinalis to study the anti-formaldehyde plant mechanisms.2. Under different concentrations of formaldehyde stress, the degree of injury of Scindapsus aureum, Zebrina pendula ,Melissa officinalis had great differences. After 5d treatment with 62.5mg/m3 the formaldehyde concentration, their injury rates respectively were 3.27%,15.72%,86.38%, and had significant differences.Their damage threshold were also different.Scindapsus aureum was at 4d treatment with 62.5mg/m3 the formaldehyde concentration, Zebrina pendula was at 3d treatment with 12.5mg/m3 the formaldehyde concentration, Melissa officinalis was at 1d treatment with 12.5mg/m3 the formaldehyde concentration.Under the treatment with 0.5,2.5mg/m3 the formaldehyde concentration,the three plants were not affected.Formaldehyde treatment to Scindapsus aureum, Zebrina pendula ,Melissa officinalis had an impact on the active oxygen and organic osmolytes of leaves. The relative conductivity and MDA content of Scindapsus aureum, Zebrina pendula ,Melissa officinalis increased with the increase of formaldehyde stress. During formaldehyde pre-stress, SOD activity and soluble protein content of the three plants rose with the increase of formaldehyde concentration. As the treatment time prolonged, SOD activity and soluble protein content reduced at the 12.5,62.5mg/m3 formaldehyde concentration.The POD activity and SOD activity of Zebrina pendula ,Melissa officinalis had the same trends, the POD activity of Scindapsus aureum was first increased and then decreased trend and increased with the increase of the concentration of formaldehyde. The changes of soluble sugar content of the three plants were the same as soluble protein content. The formaldehyde dehydrogenase activity of the three plants leaves showed an increasing trend.Different levels of formaldehyde stress had an impact on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic capacity of Scindapsus aureum, Zebrina pendula ,Melissa officinalis: Formaldehyde treatment of low concentration and short time increased Fv/Fm and Y(II), reduced the Y(NPQ), however, high concentrations of formaldehyde treatment had the opposite trends. Stress of low concentrations of formaldehyde improve the photosynthetic capacity of plants and stress of high concentrations of formaldehyde made damage to the photosynthetic capacity of plants. The photosynthetic capacity of Scindapsus aureum, Zebrina pendula ,Melissa officinalis has been improved at concentrations of 12.5,12.5,2.5mg/m3 formaldehyde. But with the increase of stress intensity of formaldehyde photosynthetic capacity of three plants were reduced.3. Under different levels of formaldehyde in the stress, Scindapsus aureum, Zebrina pendula ,Melissa officinalis showed a different grass to absorb formaldehyde capacity. During formaldehyde pre-stress, the three plants had strong absorptive capacity at concentrations of 0.5,2.5,12.5,62.5mg/m3 of formaldehyde, But with the treatment time, Scindapsus aureum,Zebrina pendula,Melissa officinalis respectively had the best absorption effect at concentrations of 0.5, 12.5, 62.5mg/m3 formaldehyde. The correlation was not fully between the level of plant resistance and absorptive capacity.4. Exogenous ABA or sucrose had different effects on increasing resistance and the absorption capacity of Melissa officinalis: Exogenous 2.5,12.5 mg/L ABA not only improved its resistance to formaldehyde, but also improved the ability to absorb formaldehyde. When dealing with the first 3 d,the formaldehyde absorption of plants pretreatmented with 2.5,12.5 mg / L ABA increased by 3.02%, 5.97% compared with control plants. Taking the case dealing with 3d for example, the formaldehyde absorption of plants pretreatmented with 0.4,2,10,50 g/L ABA reduced by 3.15%,5.75%,9.07%, 10.35% compared with control plants, other treatments had no significant effect.Although exogenous 0.4,2g/L sucrose improved plants resistance to a certain extent, it reduced ability to absorb formaldehyde of Melissa officinalis.5. Under different concentrations of formaldehyde, 6 kinds of Ornamental water culture plants had different changes on the appearance, root tip cells micronucleus and mitotic index.The root tip micronucleus rate of Coleus blumei were to the highest at concentrations of 0.326 mg/L formaldehyde,and it appeared wilting under stress at concentrations of 32.6 mg/L formaldehyde. Therefore, Coleus blumei could be used as formaldehyde monitoring plants.Plant root tip cells micronucleus could be increased by low concentrations of formaldehyde stress, but which could be reduced by high concentrations of formaldehyde stress. Mitotic index in root tip could be increased by a certain concentration of formaldehyde stress, and different plant species can tolerate different concentrations of formaldehyde. When the formaldehyde concentration over the range of plants to be bare mitotic index in root tip would be significantly decreased. Under the formaldehyde stress, nuclear plants prominent and extend outward, or loss of chromosome fragments and fracture during mitotic were the primary cause of micronucleus.