Ecological Footprint Analysis Hanshou County In Hunan Province

Hanshou is well-known as the "hometown of Chinese soft-shelled turtle", "Hometown of Poplar", rich in natural resources, but with the economic development and urbanization, there occur a series of contradictions between the sustainability of regional ecological environment and economic and social needs. In order to solve this problem, in recent years, Hanshou has set up a strategy of Ecological-friendly County, and strives to faster and better go onto the road with the harmonious development of the society, economy, environment, i.e. sustainable development.The study is based on the macro statistics of social and environmental development in the past 5 years from 2005 to 2009, with the study of sustainable development of Hanshou and the use of ecological footprint model, analyzes and evaluates the current situation of sustainable development. Ecological Footprint was proposed by a leading Canadian ecological economist Professor William, improved by his student wackernagel. This method is based on the productive land area of ecological sustainable development of the quantitative evaluation method. Compared to other methods of quantitative evaluation of sustainable development, it is more user-friendly, and calculation methods are simpler. With five years'ecological footprint analysis of Hanshou, identify constraints that limit Hanshou's sustainable development, seek for the strategies and models for the sustainable development in Hanshou to provide scientific basis for the sustainable development in Hanshou. The contents and results are as follows:1. Improvement of traditional ecological footprint model(1) The equilibrium factor was adjusted, reduce the error of calculation by calculating average value of four commonly used equilibrium factor. (2) Increase the calculation of pollutants'Ecological Footprint2. Dynamic analysis of ecological footprint in Hanshou(1) From 2005 to 2009 in Hanshou County ecological footprint demand per capita is increasing year by year, from in 2005 2.03312 hm2/to 2.279329 hm2/person in 2009, an increase of 12.1% within 5 years. This paper establishes three ecological footprint account to be calculated, respectively, account for biological resources, energy consumption account, pollutants account. In 2009, in these three accounts, the biological resources ecological footprint per capita is biggest, accounting for 91.5% of total demand, energy account and pollutants account differ little.(2) In 2005 -2009 in Hanshou County ecological capacity per capita was gradually rising, from 0.435699 hm2/person in 2005 to 0.447565 hm2/person in 2009, with an increase of 2.8% within 5 years. The ecological carrying capacity of arable land Hanshou County is the largest, in 2009, accounting for 53.2% of the overall ecological carrying capacity, followed by woodland and water. Hanshou as China's "turtle town" and "Poplar town ", woodland and water contribute much on the ecological carrying capacity. The overall ecological capacity Hanshou County changes a little, which is closed linked to the goal of an Ecological County and the road of sustainable development, but the increase is not obvious, which also shows there exist various problem of the practical implementation.(3) In 2005 -2009 in Hanshou ecological deficit per capita was increasing year by year, from 1.597421 hm2/CAP in 2005 up to 1.831764 hm2/CAP in 2009, ecological deficit per capita rose by 14.7%.3. Analysis of the capacity of sustainable development of HanshouAlthough the GDP for ecological footprint in Hanshou County is declining, there are large gaps with advanced counties, which require greater efforts to introduce high-tech in Hanshou County to improve resource use efficiency. The ecological pressure index showed an increasing trend, rising from 4.38 in 2005 to 4.84 in 2009, a total increase of 10.5%. Ecological footprint diversity is in the 1.46-1.41 range, increased between 2005 -2006 2006 -2008 on a downward trend again,2008-2009, then increased. The capacity development of eco-economic system is increasing overall, from 2.903114 in 2005 up to 3.271585 in 2009, an increase of 13%. Although Hanshou County, the capacity development of eco-economic system is increasing year by year, the growth rate of the ecological footprint diversity is far lower than the growth rate of capacity development, so the growth of capacity development of Hanshou County's ecological economic system is based on the increase of the ecological footprint.4, Sustainable development factors and countermeasures of HanshouBasing on the results of this paper, the factors that affected the sustainable development of Hanshou are:(1) population quantity and its pressure; (2) irrational energy structure and low efficiency of energy use; (3) lagging production conception and consumption patterns of industrial civilization.Strategies that promote the sustainable development of Hanshou:(1) control the growth of population and increase the population quality, (2) continuously improve overall scientific and technological strength and land productivity, (3) include the loss of environmental resources into the accounting system of social and economical system; (4) adjust the industrial structure and implement the concept of sustainable development. (5) Improve environmental awareness and actively promote ecological and cultural knowledge.