Synthesis Of Fatty Acid Butyl Esters Catalyzed By The Aminosulfonic Acid

Fatty acids and butyl acetate is not only a kind of extensive use of organic chemical raw materials, but also is the production of biodiesel plasticizer and the main raw materials. Conventional liquid acid catalysts cause not only more side reaction, but also vast acidic waste water emission,which results in environment problems. Solid acid catalyst is an environmentally friendly technology as it is easy to be recovered and separated from product.Studies were carried out on esterification of oleic acid,rapeseed oil and waste oil with butyl alcohol catalyzed by solid acid for the production technology of fatty acid butyl esters. The products were analyzed qualitatively by gas chromatography method and infrared spectroscopy. In this paper,the research includes three aspects as followed:Firstly, take oleic acid and butyl alcohol as raw materials with aminosulfonic acid, optimized by single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments method. In this process, some factors that had influenced on the yield of product,such as mole ratio of reactants,catalyst dosage, reaction temperature and reaction time were discussed,The optimum reaction condition was mole ratio of butyl alcohol to oleic acid 3:1, 0.8%catalyst based on the total mass of the reactant, reaction temperature 95℃and reaction time 1.0 h. Then analyzed qualitatively by gas chromatography method and infrared spectroscopy, the yield of butyl oleate from oleic acid under the optimal condition was more than 98%.Secondly, take rapeseed oil and butyl alcohol as raw materials with aminosulfonic acid, discussed the influence of mole ratio of reactants, catalyst dosage, reaction temperature and reaction time were discussed.The optimum reaction condition was mole ratio of butyl alcohol to rapeseed oil 10:1,1.0%catalyst based on the total mass of the reactant,reaction temperature110℃and reaction time2 h. Then analyzed qualitatively by gas chromatography method and infrared spectroscopy, the yield of fatty acid butyl esters from rapeseed oil under the optimal condition was over 95%.Finally, take waste oil and butyl alcohol as raw materials, choose aminosulfonic acid as catalyze and make a desk study for the transesterification of bad raw materials. mole ratio of reactants, catalyst dosage, reaction temperature and reaction time were discussed; The optimum reaction condition was mole ratio of butyl alcohol to waste oil 16:1,1.2%catalyst based on the total mass of the reactant,reaction temperature115℃and reaction time 6 h. Then analyzed qualitatively by gas chromatography method and infrared spectroscopy,the yield of fatty acid butyl esters from waste oil under the optimal condition was more than 93%,and the catalyst stability was fine and used repeatedly.