Synthesis And Properties Study Of Quaternary Ammonium Salts Of Fatty Ester

Quaternary ammonium salts of fatty ester is a new type surfactant in recent years, it possessed more excellent properties.The solution of quaternary ammonium salts of fatty ester had less toxicity and stimulation to the skin and eye. Due to introduction of the estergroup, it had great advantage of bioremediation and in line with the requirements of"environment protection"and"green".Quaternary ammonium salts of fatty ester had been widely applied to textile industry, hairdressing product,leather protection, oilfield sterilization and crude oil emulsification and other industries.N,N,N-3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-3-lauroyloxy propyl triethyl ammonium chloride was synthesized through esterification and quaternization process by using fatty acid,epichlorohydrin and triethylamine as the starting material. The influence factors of the synthesis process were studied,such as mole ratio, the reaction time and the reaction temperature.The suitable condition of reaction was determined. The structure of N,N,N-3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-3-lauroyloxy propyl triethyl ammonium chloride was identified by FTIR. The optimal condition of the synthesis of 3-Choloro-2-hydroxypropyl fatty acid ester was gained. The results have show that BTEAC (benzyl triethyl ammonium chloride) as phase transfer catalyst,mole ratio (fatty acid/ epichlorohydrin) was 1.0/1.2, the reaction temperature was 80℃and the reaction time was 8h. The optimal condition of the synthesis of N,N,N-3-ethyl-2-hydroxy-3-lauroyloxy propyl triethyl ammonium chloride was gained. The results have show that propyl alcohol as solvent, the reaction temperature was 80℃,mole ratio (3-Choloro-2-hydroxypropyl fatty acid ester/ triethylamine) was 1.0/1.8, and the reaction time was 25h.The active contents of product was more than 96.5%.The surface tension, corrosion inhibitory properties,emulsifying properties,anti-swelling properties and foam properties were studied. The results have show that the surfactivity quaternary ammonium salts of fatty ester was lower than alkyl of quaternary ammonium salts.At 30℃, the efficiency of corrosion inhibition was 90.0% when concentration of product solution was 60 mg/L. The efficiency of anti-swelling to bentonite was higher 90.0% when the mass fraction of solution was 2.0%.The product possessed good emulsification to crude oil and stability of foam.