| Changsha Huanghua International Airport has been perplexed by the bird strikes over a long period of time since it was built up. In order to reduce the occurrence of bird strikes in the airport and inquiry into valid measures of preventing bird strikes, a research program of preventing bird stike was conducted by Institute of Wildlife Conservation of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, with the help of the Airport Safeguard Department from March,2005 to March,2007. this thesis is a part of the program.Based on the comprehensive investigation from September,2005 to March,2007, this research systematically analyzed the Characteristic of avian community in the area of Changsha Huanghua International Airport, and the relationship between avian community and its habitat, According to the results, the bird strike hazard assessment model considering the actual situation of the airport was made use of to assesse the birds' hazard grades. As a result, the birds' hazard to the aviation safety could be assessed, meanwhile an array of control recommendations which were designed by the actual situation in the airport have been practicing and testing. The main result as follows:1. The analysis of avian community diversity:112 species in 5 habitats were investigated belonging to 32 families and 16 orders. Among them,46,45, and 21 species are the Oriental, the Palaearctic, and the Cosmopolitan species respectively. There were 46 species of Resident,29 species of Winter migrant,25 species of Summer migrant, and 12 species of Passage migrant. According to the analysis of frequency index (RB): Pycnonotus sinensis, Passer montanus and Turdus merula are the dominant species in the airport. Up to the distributive coefficient of bird habitats,44 species belong to the wide distribution type, constituting the main part of the avian communities. The avian Shannon-Weiner species diversity index is 1.607, evenness index is 0.784. Moreover the sequences of diversity and evenness were:farmland (1.456,0.853)> grassland and bush (1.428,0.797)> forest (1.418,0.776)> vilige (1.290,0.763)> water (1.109,0.737).2. The avian distribution and movable regulation in airport:The avian population changes greatly in the seasonal transition periods, which of May and July come to the peaks.62 species were'found in the airport with the density of 3.09 one/hm2. Among them, the population of Hirundo rustica (0.44 one/hm2) and Hirundo daurica (0.28 one/hm2) were the most common species, representing 23.41% of the whole population. The largest avian density was the north shrub zone (8.41one/hm2), and the building zone (0.83 one/hm2) was the least in the airport. Some avian distribution charts of airport area were made on the basis of surveying and observing.3. The assessment of bird strike hazard:Among 112 species birds, the hazard risk grade of 6 species was extremely high,21 species was high,18 species was moderate,26 species was low, and 41 species was extremely low. As a result,27 species were determined as the most important birds which should be controlled every year.4. The characteristics of bird strike:There were some regularity of time and height during these bird strikes in Changsha Huanghua International Airport between 2003 and 2006. The most bird strikes happened in September, July and May, while from 19:00 to 23:00 had the most hazard happenings in the long run. By Pearson correlation analysis, there were some correlation between the quantities of bird strikes and birds'population every month (r=0.479, p>0.05), but the correlation was not significant. So was between bird strike rates and flight quantities every day (r=0.087, p>0.05). Besides hazard happened in the low air and high air. However most of bird strikes hadn't damage the airplane.5. The inquisition of public consciousness:According to the inquisition result,31% persons like birds,23% persons dislike birds,46% persons neither like nor dislik birds; 56% persons will let the swallows build nests at their house; If the airport come to ruin the swallow's nests,57% persons will obstruct the action.69% persons had heard of bird stike affairs, however they obtained the information from other people mainly, only little of persons acquires through a paths, such as television broadcast, newspapers and magazines, etc.. Meanwhile,57% persons will have to support the laws which forbid from keeping birds near airport.6. The valuation of preventing bird stike:According to the statistics of preventing bird strikes at Changsha Huanghua International Airport. Compared 2004 to 2005, the amount of capturring birds descended significantly (t=5, p=0.000<0.01), and the amount of consuming bullets descend significantly (t=4.087, p=0.002<0.01) from 2005 to 2006. It is obvious that the measures reform of preventing bird stike have obtained obvious result at Changsha Huanghua International Airport.The advantages of this research as following:1. A synthetic research was carried out at Changsha Huanghua International Airport over long time for the first time.2. The avian community was researched and reported for the first time.3. The bird strike hazard assessment model which considered a comprehensive factor was used for rowwing the bird strike hazard grades to the airport birds, sieve the most important birds which should be controlled every year.
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