Analysis And Research On The Regional Eco-landscape Impact Of Inter-basin Water Diversion

Inter-basin water diversion project is a complicated system engineering, which is closely related to the engineering geological conditions, rivers hydrology, local climate, biodiversity and ecosystems, and ecological environment along the canal laid and so on. And the engineering will have profound influence on ecology and the landscape. Up to date, more than 20 countries and regions in the world have built inter-basin water diversion project. The influence of such project on ecology and landscape is mainly manifested in the construction project itself to disturb local ecological environment and the engineering operations to impact the ecological process of water deficient areas and landscape ecosystem, etc. Through constructing the rational analysis and research system, article makes a systematical study and research of the inter-basin water diversion project on ecology and landscape impact, which has positive significance, also provides theoretical and practical guide for other similar projects in ecology and landscape impact study.Taohe river water diversion project straddling central arid areas of Gansu province, Yuzhong, Weiyuan, Lintao, Anding, Longxi, Tongwei, Huining, Jingning, Wushan, Gangu, QinAn 11 counties, 115 township, under the jurisdiction of Lanzhou, Dingxi, Baiyin, Pingliang, Tianshui 6 cities, is typical of the inter-basin water diversion project in arid and semi-arid regions. Based on the case of Taohe river water diversion project, This paper analyzes and researches the influence of this project on the ecological environment and landscape impact from diversion areas (Jiudianxia reservoir area) and receiving areas two aspects by analogy with the other similar projects.The main influence on water transfer regions is changing regional ecosystem, the existing landscape, soil erosion and equilibrium sediment transport. It has an impact of the distribution of vegetation and visual landscape in the reservoir area, and undermine the regional landscape and the pattern of river ecosystems. Meanwhile, the most obvious impact of the receiving areas is the reservoir formed by the construction of the project, and thus form a new eco-tourism resources. Thus, it is meaningful to analyze the value of landscape aesthetics of the reservoir. The most important influence of receiving areas on the ecological environment and landscape is soil erosion, and the second is vegetation destruction, next to have little impacts on wildlife during project construction period. In operation period, the most important influence is impacting the stability of landscape ecosystem, the next is increasing wetland and impacting local climate, while there are little effects on the landscape pattern of forest and grassland, soil erosion, and the integrity of landscape pattern. Based on the above, this article concluded that the project has positive impacts on local climate, the increase of wetland, the landscape pattern of forest and grassland optimization, and on the stability of landscape ecosystem, while has negative impacts on the integrity of landscape pattern, and has negative and positive impacts on soil erosion.Local climate influence of positive effect of soil and water loss, positive effect and negative influence of landscape patterns coexist, for the negative influence of integrity, wetland area increases, forest and grass landscape structure optimization positive effect; On the stability of landscape ecological system for positive effects.