The Characteristics And Cause Of Geological Disasters In The Section Of Ganquan-Yan'an, Huangling-Yan' An Highway

With the implementation of the West Development, the Communication and Transportation Engineering (especially the highway), as which drives the development of western economy development, already had priority development. The highway, as the links and promotes of regional economic development is prominent day by day. However, as highway constantly extend to various complicated geological environment, it is gradually apparent that all kinds of geological disasters threaten and damage of the highway. Yan'an area in Shaanxi province is one of the provinces, which suffers serious geological disasters in our country; the disasters are frequent occurrence, widespread. During the days of Highway construction and operation,it is frequently suffered by geological disaster's impact.Therefore, finding out the geological disaster features along the highway can provide support for highway construction program, designation, construction, maintenance and disaster prevention and mitigation, it also provide services for the high-speed development of the highway construction in order to reduce the loss caused by geological disasters.This paper relies on engineering geological investigation project of "the highway from Huangling to Yan'an in Shaanxi part of National highway from Baotou to Maoming county (G65) ". Research works includes:Field geological project investigation along the high way in the section of Ganquan-Yan'an, Huangling-Yan'an in Shaanxi Province.Combining previous research achievements, tests and theoretical calculation and analysis etc, the major results were summarized as follows:(1) The researched area is located in the middle of Loess Plateau of northern Shaanxi province, It's special topography and landform character,formation lithology and structure types of slope, which easily cause the slope's happening of landslide and collapse under the condition of rainfall and river flush the foot of slope. So propose of geological disasters along the highway mainly include loess landslide and collapse;(2) Through the field geological survey,I found that the number of various kinds of major geological disasters is 145,123 of which are landslides,22 of which are collapses,which is along the highway from Ganquan to Yan'an(K87+100-K154+200),part of the highway from Huangling to Yan'an. There are 30 landslides and 9 collapses, which have influence on construction projects;(3) Proposing the distribution of geological disaster along the highway has its certain space and time distribution regulation. Its development characteristics has regional cluster cyclical, suddenly happened and accompanying human activities etc;(4) Proposing the growing degree of the geological disasters, formation mechanism along the highway is related with some human factors include the complex geological environmental conditions it located, highway construction and operation;(5) Hazards prevention should put prevention first, combing to avoidance and governance. I put forward some control measures against 23 landslides and 7 collapses and avoid measures against 3 collapses.