Research On The Roof Structure Optimization In Cold Region Bsaed On The Life Cycle Assessment Method

As construction and other related industries has become an important pillar of social and economic development, they have a negative impact on the energy and environment. And building skin, the outermost layer of a building which directly contacts to the outside environment, is playing a vital role on energy saving and ecological conservation. With using life cycle assessment theory, this paper analyzes and calculates the energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions of the different types of roofs in cold region to achieve the region adaptable technology strategy and scientific design method and mode for the building roof structure.This paper studies the characteristics of the energy saving roof structures and screen out objects of them to do the life cycle assessment. According to different layer structures and materials, objects are put in different groups for comparisons. With the consideration of the whole life of the roof which contains the material component production and transportation, the construction, operation and maintenance, removal and recycling, the mathematical model is set to analyze the energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission. At the same time, according to the climatic characteristics, building materials, construction, resources, technical economy and ecological factors, through systems analysis of roof material choosing and structure technology, summarizing kinds of energy saving strategy , the optimized structure of the roof will be obtained.By comparing basics structure forms and comparison samples, the result is obtained that the sloping roof is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly than flat roof in cold regions based on life cycle assessment. Using wood and steel roof construction is more accord with sustainable strategy than other roof structures due to their convenience and high recovery rate. The area of skylight should be not blindly increased, as it is not the most economical design from the life cycle assessment perspective. According to the research result, optimizing the reinforced concrete roof structure to steel wood structure sloping roof from heat preservation layer structure, accept heavy structure, and roof age aspects, and increasing solar panel device are more effective to utilize renewable energy and decrease pollutant emissions.