Research On The Measurement Of Carbon Emissions In The Whole Life Cycle Of Residential Buildings

With the continuous development of social economy, people’s demand for the coal, oil,natural gas and other energy and natural resources keep sustained growth, leading to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions continue to increase. Now the global temperature increased gradually, global warming has become an indisputable fact. During the process of expanding in the city, the construction field becomes the main source of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. In the face of global climate change, all countries have taken positive action. It is meaningful to have a study on low carbon building, to calculate carbon emissions to the life cycle of residential buildings, to control carbon emissions and to slow down the deterioration of the global environment.According to the theory of life cycle assessment, this research established the carbon emissions research framework for the life cycle of construction and made the life cycle inventory and impact assessment, in addition, the building life cycle carbon emissions were related to explain. Through collation and analysis of related literature at home and abroad, the related basic data of each stage of the life cycle of construction could be obtained. This paper established the carbon emission calculation model for building materials production stage,construction stage, operation stage and dismantling scrapped stage. Among them the recovery of some building materials has been considered in the building materials production stage, the carbon emissions of this stage is mainly got from the addition of the product of the amount of building materials usage and it’s carbon emission factor. The carbon emissions of building materials during transportation and construction itself has been mainly considered in the construction stage; The carbon emissions of the process of production equipment, equipment operation energy consumption and building maintenance and update has been mainly considered in the operation stage; The final dismantling scrapped stage mainly consider the carbon emissions of the process of the dismantling of the construction, construction waste transportation and the treatment of construction waste.This paper takes the two residential projects as an example, one is A residential projectwhich passed the green building certification copper level, another is ordinary B residential project. The article calculates the carbon emissions in the various stages of the whole life cycle, and has carried on the contrast analysis one by one. The main conclusions as follows:(1) Carbon dioxide emissions index of A residential project is 39.4245 kilogram per square meter per year slightly lower than the B residential project whose carbon dioxide emissions index is 41.1827 kilogram per square meter per year;(2) Within the full life cycle of building,carbon emissions of operation stage is the highest, followed by the building materials production stage;(3) In the building materials production stage, steel, concrete, mortar and insulation materials are four kinds of building materials of high carbon emissions, In addition,if the recycling of building materials were considered at this stage, carbon emissions will be greatly reduced;(4) In the construction stage, the carbon emissions of construction itself is relatively low;(5) In the operation stage, carbon emissions due to consumption of electrical energy generated the highest, accounting for about 75% of the stage;(6) In the dismantling scrapped stage, carbon emissions from waste treatment produced more than 50%;(7)Compared with the result of related research, some carbon emission intensity of the life cycle of construction are similar, some have relatively large difference. The reason of that is mainly due to the choice of case whose floor, structure type, living form, the construction site and so on are the main influence factors in the life cycle of construction.