Life Cycle Assessment Of Residential Building Energy Consumption In Severe Cold Region

With the appearance of the energy crisis and the environmental pollution aggravation, people began to realize that the amount of energy consumption of building is great in its using process and also results in an enormous effect of on the environment. Building is a special product, which has the long life, large capital investment, great impact on the ecological environment and more complex systems and many other factors feature. This paper is based on the life-cycle theory, combined with the building, finished the analysis of various stages of the energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions and the Mathematical Model of the domestic building of the cold area. At the same time, using the C++ language, the calculation software is developed, which can apply to the calculation of the entire life cycle energy consumption. Finally, four Harbin domestic buildings were taken as examples, analyzed and the calculation of the entire life cycle energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, drew the conclusion which can apply to the design of the energy conservation and environment protection.In order to analyze the entire life cycle energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions easily, this paper divided the entire life cycle into five stages: the manufacture of building material stage, the erection stage, the occupation stage, the demolition stage and the disposal and recycling stage. The entire life cycle energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions consist of energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions of every stage.According to the calculation and the analysis of the entire life cycle energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions of four Harbin domestic buildings, we can discover that the energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions of the occupation stage can reach to 80%, and the energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions of the occupation stage and the manufacture of building material stage even can attain above 90%, and the sum of them leads to a principal position, in the process of the entire life cycle, no matter what the domestic buildings structure they are. Therefore, only decrease the energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions of the occupation stage and the manufacture of building material stage, we can accomplish the purpose of more energy conservation and environment protection. At the same time, we can confirm that the steel mix structure are more economy energy efficient and environmental beneficial than the brick-concrete structure, and when the life span of the buildings exceeds 40 years, the unit energy consumption and the unit carbon dioxide emissions of the entire life cycle will tend to be constant.