The Stres Analysis Of Armature With Different Structure Shapes During Railgun's Launch Process

The research of electromagnetic launch technology and related equipment is a hotapot in related fields in recent years, and is a progressive development and a gradual improvement advanced propulsion technology. For the electromagnetic emission process, armature has an improtant effect. An improtant consideration in the design of railguns is keeping good contact between the armature and the rail electrode in the process of launching. Good contact depends on the contact pressure between the armature and the rail. In addition to the mechanical design, the contact pressure but also associated with the structure of the armature. Besides, the structure of the armature has an important effect for the current density distribution and temperature distribution. Concentration of current density distribution in some parts of the armature will lead to high local temperature, cause melting , corrosion and cracking of the rail electrode and the armature material. This paper main uses Maxwell equations and Biot-Savart law, based on finite element analysis software ANSYS, analyzed the influence of the structure and the shape of armature on armature performance and rail performance.First, established the rail-armature model, and calculated the magnetic flux density and electromagnetic force of the armature. Using ANSYS software, established three different shapes of the armature, then, simulated the emission process of railgun, analyzed the contact pressure between the armature and the rail, and compared the characteristic distribution of three armature, finally, come to a resonable armature model. Changed the structure and size of three armature, then come to the influencing regularities of the changes affecting on the contact pressure. After that, electromagnetic analysis of the establishment armature-rail model, analysis the shape of armature affected on the current distribution within the armature and analysis the changes of the electromagnetic force and the temperature characteristics distribution on the armature caused by the current distribution, provided a reference for the structural design of the armature.